Experience in Nepal

1. Experience in Nepal

2. Local Development and Service Delivery Mechanism In Nepal Ministry Pre 1990 Donors INGO Central Level Departments NGO 2000 – 2002 LSGA Post 2007 1990- 1999 & 2003 - 2007 Dist Dev Committee LA Offices District Level Private Sector LED Model NGOs/ Civil Society VDC Level VDC Sub-offices Missing Accountability 1990- 2000 & 2003 - 2007 Missing Accountability Community Households User Groups, CBOs, Mothers’ Groups, CMCs HH HH Income Education Health Human Security Social Justice (Life with Dignity)

3. NEPAL B.E. CONTEXT • Post-conflict situation with a poor investment climate due to difficult political transition and rising crime: at the same time, conflict did not destroy infrastructure, institutional structures, etc • Limited decentralized development investments sustainability and impact for growth and employment creation due to: • Short one year planning cycle (dominated by politicians and local government officials in the absence of locally elected representatives) • Excessive emphasis on community and household level investments • Fragmented sectoral approaches to development (e.g. infrastructure investments not linked to building key competitive advantages for growth and job creation) • The transition of the role of Government in PSD from ‘managing’ to ‘facilitator’ is slow

4. NEPAL B.E. CONTEXT (Cont’d/-) • High dependency on foreign remittances: it’s the largest sector of the economy after agriculture • High levels of underemployment and poverty: Nepal is a landlocked LCD • Women, Indigenous People and Excluded Castes marginalized in enterprise development and employment (decision-making and receipt of benefits) • Government does not understand its (ideal) role as catalyst and facilitator of private sector-led growth: it wants to be the manager of PSD!

5. LED Key principles Integrated approach Territorial approach Sustainability and decent work Good governance

6. LED strategic planning The EmPLED process of six phases: Creating or promoting a local forum Designing an LED strategy Coordinate or create implemen- tation structures Territorial diagnosis and institutional mapping Sensitizing Evaluating and monitoring activities

7. EmPLED LED STEPS • Project formulation • Stakeholder orientation meeting – overview of LED and EmPLED and promotion of LED Forum. • Data collection for rapid socio-economic profiling (GPRP). • Introductory workshop for all key stakeholders – findings of GPR profile, consider hypothesis, and decide on immediate priority areas. • PACA (participatory appraisal of competitive advantage) – gather additional detailed information on priority areas. • Start-up workshop to agree quick impact activities for priority areas, establishment of LED Forum and implementation. • Longer term planning and action plans and leveraging of support funds. • Implementation, monitoring and evaluation.

8. TRADE UNIONS GOVERNMENT LINE AGENCIES TVET, BANK, NGOs, IP’s & Dalit LED Forum_ Unique Nepali Public, Private, civil Society Partnership PRIVATE SECTORS LED Forum

9. EmPLED Nepal’s Components Capacity Development of Stakeholders Food Value Chain Tourism Value Chain

12. CORE farmers middlemen wholesalers Food value chain LED Forum, identifies priority, area Training and income for farmers Exposure visit to successful cases Rupendehi Training, network formation Marketing training High value cropping seeds Experienced Lead Farmers/certification Irrigation Canals Road Trainings Resources Markets Results: 8,000 farmers trained access to services/market 40 certified ELF 320 ha Irrigation Command area developed 30 Km Agriculture Road 16 sq. Km watershed Managed 143,,450 Work days Job created & income 2-3 $ per day Farmers Association & link to DADO Cooperative Link to Wholesaler LED Radio Program

13. CORE farmers middlemen wholesalers Junar value chain LED Forum, identifies priority Training and income for farmers Exposure visit to Kathmandu Training, network formation Marketing training Intercropping seeds Experienced Lead Farmers Road Training Resources Markets Cooperative Link to supermarket Results: 1,500 farmers trained and gain access to market 170 organised Sales/Income increased

14. CORE Guides, Porters, Home-stays Agents Numbur Chees & IP tourism value chain LED Forum, identifies priority Cooking, home-stay management training Exposure visit Training and income for local workers Home-stay improvement Guide training Access road Trail improved Campsites developed National and international promotion, brochure, map, Website Product development Training Resources Markets Results: 27 home-stays,9 VTC 31 km trail,10 km road 38 people trained 15,000 actor connected Promotion taking place Tourists are starting to use the trail Tourism committees Link, visit to trails

15. Some “early signs” Tripling of sales in junar and potato Incomes generated from tourists on two new trails Better quality potato seeds, sales increased due to new markets Productivity up and more rice, vegetables grown in Kamala irrigation area More vegetables grown in Khimti irrigation area First sales made from fish pond & Association of Fish Farmer More enterprises joining flower value chain VAHW earning Rs 3,000 to 12,000 per month 8,500 households benefited directly from EmPLED 15

16. Increased outreach through “demonstration effect” • Replication of LED approach by other projects • Potato store and training • Solar irrigation pump • Fodder grass • Asparagus (4 villages) • Radio programmes (4) • Watershed – funding being sought • Irrigation – funding likely in Kamala, sought for other districts • VDC planning (87 in Dhanusha), also in other Districts 16

17. Lesson Learned Project successfully introduced a new Integrated approach under difficult circumstances Responded flexibly and appropriately to emerging opportunities Objectives and outputs largely achieved Significant outreach and impact likely Stakeholders and beneficiaries very positive Some changes in strategy would enhance effectiveness, impact, sustainability 3 years is too short for LED 17

18. EmPLED NAMASTE