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Space Systems as Critical Infrastructure Iulia-Elena Jivanescu

Space Systems as Critical Infrastructure Iulia-Elena Jivanescu. 1st Space Retreat, Tenerife, Spain, 8-22 January, 2013. Summary. Objectives Identification of Space Critical Infrastructure (SCI) Dependence of Critical Infrastructure (CI) on SCI Dependence of SCI on aggressive factors

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Space Systems as Critical Infrastructure Iulia-Elena Jivanescu

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  1. Space Systems as Critical Infrastructure Iulia-Elena Jivanescu 1st Space Retreat, Tenerife, Spain, 8-22 January, 2013

  2. Summary • Objectives • Identification of Space Critical Infrastructure (SCI) • Dependence of Critical Infrastructure (CI) on SCI • Dependence of SCI on aggressive factors • Nanosatellites for Space Situational Awareness (SSA) • Expected results

  3. Objective 1: Identification of Space Critical Infrastructure (SCI) December 8th 2008, European Council Directive 2008/114/EC „Critical infrastructure‟ means an asset, system or part thereof located in Member States which is essential for the maintenance of vital societal functions, health, safety, security, economic or social well-being of people, and the disruption or destruction of which would have a significant impact in a Member State as a result of the failure to maintain those functions.

  4. CI sectors (European Commission 2010)

  5. Objective 1: Identification of Space Critical Infrastructure (SCI) “Space Critical Infrastructure” represents an interdependent system-of-systems which encompasses its workforce, environment, facilities and multidirectional interactions essential for the maintenance of vital societal functions, health, safety, security, economic or social well-being of people, whose distruction or disruption would have a significant impact in a Member State (country).

  6. Identification of Space Critical Infrastructure (SCI) Affected CIs: Power, Water, Transportation, Communication, Industry 55 million people 12 fatalities 1-7 days Loss of $7-$10 billion North America 2003 blackout

  7. Objective 1: Identification of Space Critical Infrastructure (SCI) Classification Satellites (EO, telecom, GNSS, space stations, space probes, nanosats) Groud stations Links Launchers Legislative and Administrative Framework

  8. Objective 1: Identification of Space Critical Infrastructure (SCI) CI-SCI Interaction

  9. Objective 1: Identification of Space Critical Infrastructure (SCI) Parameters for defining the criticality of SCI Scalability Redundancy Substitution Population affected Concentration Range – Beidou, GPS Economic impact Public confidence and perception International relations Public order-Estonia

  10. Objective 2: Dependence of CI on SCI • Health – Telemedicine – provides interactive healthcare utilizing modern technology and telecommunications • Agriculture – land cover • Financial – GPS satellites are used to time-stamp financial transactions and provide precise time signals for synchronization and fault detection • Transport – railway control, highway traffic, aviation, marine navigation • ICT – GPS enabled GSM mobile phones are expected to reach 770 million units in 2014 Navigation industry customers

  11. Objective 3: Dependence of SCI on aggressive factors External factors

  12. Objective 3: Internal factors – Terrorist threats • Electronic interference – jamming or spoofing • Laser attack on satellite sensors • High powered microwave attacks • Destruction • Attacks on ground stations • Kinetic energy attacks • EM pulse from a nuclear explosion • Cyber attacks

  13. Risk and Crisis Management • RM – relevant threat scenarios • Space Critical Infrastructure Protection (SCIP) • directed at strengthening the resilience of the assets that are essential to the functioning of our society • identifying weakenesses, possible consequences, thus reducing the risks • CM – incidents, emergencies and crises

  14. Objective 4: Nanosatellites for Space Situational Awareness • Need to aggregate data from recent smallsat launches • Solitary missions  Formation/Constellation flying • Cheap, rapid and do not turn into space debris • Multiple points of observation  synchronize data collection & transmission

  15. Expected results • Impact both national and international policy-makers • National level: endorsement of a National Security Strategy for Space Critical Infrastructure • European level: the reports of the project can be used by the European Council to provide recommendations for the EU member states • International level: implementation of our recommendations into nations’ security strategies for critical infrastructure protection

  16. Thank you!

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