340 likes | 658 Vues
Symptom Based Echocardiographic Approach: Dyspnea. Dae-Won Sohn, M.D. Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine.  Work of breathing.  Respiratory rate.  Lung compliance. . . Dyspnea.  Pulmonary edema Cardiogenic Non-cardiogenic
 
                
                E N D
Symptom Based Echocardiographic Approach: Dyspnea Dae-Won Sohn, M.D. Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine
 Work of breathing  Respiratory rate  Lung compliance   Dyspnea  Pulmonary edema Cardiogenic Non-cardiogenic  Other parenchymal diseases  Low cardiac output  Anemia  Hypoxia  Metabolic acidosis 
Resting Dyspnea 이 환자의 수축기기능저하가 운동시호흡곤란의 원인이 되는가? 이 환자의 수축기기능저하가 안정시호흡곤란의 원인이 되는가?
Resting Dyspnea 수축기기능이 정상이므로 안정시 호흡곤란의 원인이 될 수 없다.  수축기기능이 정상이므로 운동시 호흡곤란의 원인이 될 수 없다.
Exertional dyspnea Exertional dyspnea LV dysfunction ? Resting dyspnea Resting dyspnea Normal LV function ? ? Resting Dyspnea
Resting Dyspnea: Pulmonary edema  LA pr - LV diastolic pr(LV filling pr) - excluding MS - “ Doppler findings ” Qualitative: Restrictive physiology  Quantitative: E/E’
Resting Dyspnea: Pulmonary edema Restrictive physiology
Resting Dyspnea: Pulmonary edema Mitral annulus velocity
E  filling pressure = myocardial relaxation E  filling pressure = E’ Resting Dyspnea: Pulmonary edema E  filling pressure(LVDP) * myocardial relaxation
Resting Dyspnea: Pulmonary edema E/E’ 10 PCWP 12mmHg: Sensitivity 91%, Specificity 81% Nageuh SF et al. J Am Coll Cardiol, 1997
Resting Dyspnea: Pulmonary edema Ommen SR et al. Circulation, 2000
Resting Dyspnea: Pulmonary edema Quantitative estimation Pre A pressure = 0.96 E/E’ + 3.78 (LVDP) Simplified equation Pre A pressure = E/E’ + 4   3mmHg in 77%  > 5mmHg in only 8%
Resting Dyspnea: Hypoxia 50 YO female with sudden dyspnea
Resting Dyspnea: Hypoxia 50 YO female with sudden dyspnea  P = 40mmHg
Resting Dyspnea: Hypoxia 69 yo woman with liver cirrhosis, dyspneaPaO2:43mmHg, PaCO2:27mmHg
Resting Dyspnea: Hypoxia 30 YO female with dyspnea
Resting Dyspnea: Hypoxia  P = 135mmHg
Exertional dyspnea Systolic heart failure vs Diastolic heart failure
Exertional dyspnea Systolic heart failure: Low CO  Preload  Afterload  HR  Contractility
Preload Afterload Contractility HR Exertional dyspnea Small LV cavity size with hyperdynamic systolic function - ? volume depletion Pericardial ds. - effusion, constriction Pulmonary hypertension – resting, exercise Diastolic filling period Presence of LVOT obstruction or AS EF, evaluation of stroke volume during exercise HR
A E Exertional dyspnea Diastolic heart failure: Relaxation abnormality “ Prevention of tachycardia ”
Exertional dyspnea Normal Relaxation Abnormality Psuedo- normalization Restrictive Physiology LA pressure
Exertional dyspnea Sohn DW et al. J Am Coll Cardiol, 1997
Exertional dyspnea 50 YO male with diabetes Baseline Exercise AP4C AP2C
Exertional dyspnea 50 YO male with diabetes