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Mollusks. Phylum Molluska. Three Main Classes Class Bivalvia Class Gastropoda Class Cephalopoda. Class Bivalvia. Bi- Two Valvia- Shells Examples of Bivalves Oysters, clams, scallops, mussels. Class Bivalvia Basic Structure, Function and Facts.
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Phylum Molluska • Three Main Classes • Class Bivalvia • Class Gastropoda • Class Cephalopoda
Class Bivalvia • Bi- Two • Valvia- Shells • Examples of Bivalves • Oysters, clams, scallops, mussels
Class BivalviaBasic Structure, Function and Facts • Soft bodied animals that have two hard, protective shells attached at the narrow end by the adductor muscles…used as a defense system.
Class BivalviaBasic Structure, Function and Facts • The shell is generated by the mantle, a thin layer of tissue separating the shell from the soft body…it is in between the shell and the mantle that pearls arise.
Class BivalviaBasic Structure, Function and Facts • The gills are used to extract oxygen and filter out floating algae (which they use for food.)
Class BivalviaBasic Structure, Function and Facts • Sexual reproduction…but, an oyster will change its sex during its life; it starts out as a male and will often end up as a female.
Class BivalviaBasic Structure, Function and Facts • Oysters can be up to three feet long but most are only a few inches in length.
Class BivalviaBasic Structure, Function and Facts • Oysters can be found attached to hard substratum or rest at the bottom of the ocean…they do not move on their own.
Class Gastropoda • Gastro – Stomach • Poda – Foot • Examples • Snails • Slugs
Color and Shape Hard, spiral protective covering of the snail Sensory Sensory File – like Radula File-like radula Soft, muscular part of the snail that allows movement
Class GastropodaBasic Structure, Function and Facts • A special gland on the land snail secrets mucous that helps the snail move. • The common garden snail is the slowest moving animal; it can travel about 0.03 mph.
Class GastropodaBasic Structure, Function and Facts • The largest garden snail is the Giant African Snail; it is over 15.5 inches long and weighs about 2 pounds. • Radula breaks down snail food; it is located in the mouth
Class GastropodaBasic Structure, Function and Facts • Many snails are intermediate hosts to parasitic diseases.
Class Cephalopoda • Cephalo - Head • Poda - Foot • Examples • Squid, Octopus, Cuttlefish, Nautilus,
Class Cephalopoda Basic Structure, Function and Facts • Arms (8) – eight short limbs, each of which has two rows of suction cups on the lower side; the arms hold the food while the squid bites it into swallowable pieces.
Class Cephalopoda Basic Structure, Function and Facts • Beak and Mouth – the parrot-like beak on the mouth is used for biting food into small pieces. The beak and mouth are surrounded by the bases of the arms and tentacles.
Class Cephalopoda Basic Structure, Function and Facts • Clubs (2) – the ends of the tentacles, which have toothed suckers.
Class Cephalopoda Basic Structure, Function and Facts • Eye (2) – an organ used to see; squids have two very large eyes (they are large in proportion to the size of the body.)
Class Cephalopoda Basic Structure, Function and Facts • Feeding tentacles (2) – the two long tentacles are used for obtaining prey; they have toothed suckers only near the tip.
Class Cephalopoda Basic Structure, Function and Facts • Fins – two flaps on the mantle that are used to stabilize the squid during swimming.
Class Cephalopoda Basic Structure, Function and Facts • Head – the small part of the body between the mantle and the arms; the head contains the eyes, the brain, and the muscular buccal mass (which crushes the food.)
Class Cephalopoda Basic Structure, Function and Facts • Mantle – the large part of the squid in front of the head; inside the mantle are the stomach, gills, ink sac, pen, reproductive organs, and many digestive organs.
Class Cephalopoda Basic Structure, Function and Facts • Siphon – a tube-like organ on the lower side of the head; it expels water forcefully, enabling the squid to propel itself through the sea.
Class Cephalopoda Basic Structure, Function and Facts • Squid can change the color of their skin to mimic their environment and hide from predators.
Class Cephalopoda Basic Structure, Function and Facts • Squid move by squirting water from the mantle through the siphon, using a type of jet propulsion.
Class Cephalopoda Basic Structure, Function and Facts • Squid range in size from 1 - 60 ft long… the myth of the Giant Squid is true. • Squid are carnivores.
Octopus Basic Structure, Function and Facts • An octopus has a soft body and eight arms. Each arm has two rows of suction cups. If it loses an arm, it will eventually grow another arm.
Octopus Basic Structure, Function and Facts • An octopus has blue blood. • An octopus has an eye on each side of its head and has very good eyesight. • An octopus cannot hear.
Octopus Basic Structure, Function and Facts • They catch prey with their arms, then kill it by biting it with their tough beak, paralyzing the prey with nerve poison and softening the flesh. They then suck out the flesh.
Octopus Basic Structure, Function and Facts • Octopi hunt mostly at night. • Only the Australian Blue-ringed octopus has a poison strong enough to kill a person.
OctopusBasic Structure, Function and Facts • They are the most intelligent of all invertebrates. • They are monogamous.
