Presentation Transcript

1. Essential Question: What was so revolutionary about the Industrial Revolution? Standard Objective I will use context clue to predict why England was the first country to industrialize through a simulation. 10.3.1 Analyze why England was the first country to industrialize. 10.3.2 – Examine how scientific and technological changes and new forms of energy brought about massive social, economic, and cultural change.
2. Warm Up • What interesting details do you see in the top set of panels? The middle set of panels? The bottom set of panels? • How are the pictures on the left different from those on the right? • How might the inventions shown on the right have changed or improved life in Great Britain?
3. Simulation Rules If you are within the simulation, you need to participate 100% of the time. If you outside watching, you will take notes on what they are doing and will be asked questions about what is happening. Everyone will analyze the process which is occurring and reflect on this.
4. Simulation 1 There will be 1 group of 10 people and 1 overseer. Everyone at the table will draw the image show EXACTLY (or as close as possible). The overseer (teacher) will decide whether the pictures are acceptable for sale or not. The first 3 people to finish a stack of 5 acceptable pictures will be rewarded a prize.
5. Discussion What did the top performers receive? What was this symbolizing? What happened when the picture was not up to standards? What was this simulation representing? Was this the most efficient way of working? Why or why not?
6. Simulation 2 There will be 3 groups of 6 people per table. One student will hire 5 other students to work for him/her. Seat 1 –you will fold the paper in half Seat 2 – you will rip/cut the paper in half Seat 3 – you will draw the sun in yellow Seat 4 – you will draw the house in blue Seat 5 – you will draw the tree in green Seat 6 – you will make sure they are acceptable, if they are not, tell seat 1 to send another down the line If they are not working or making too many errors, seat 6 may fire any worker and replace them with a worker from the outside group. You may choose from the trades set up to pick a worker. First table to reach the goal of 7 acceptable pictures (by the teacher) will receive payment.
7. Discussion What was this simulation representing? What happened to those who were making too many mistakes or not producing the picture fast enough? Compare this simulation to the last simulation. Which method worked better? Why?
8. Simulation 3 There has been more competition in the town where there is another factory added. To cut costs down, you have combined seat 1 and 2. Seat 6 will choose who to lay off. Whoever is laid off, they will return to the work pool. Since there is more competition, you will need to produce more pictures as fast as possible but the quota is 12 to get paid. First team to reach their quota will be paid.
9. Discussion As a worker, are you worried that your job may be the next one to go? Was the layoff necessary? Explain. Why do you think the job (seats 1 and 2) was combined?
10. Simulation 4 Factory 1 – Everyone needs to work under the table. Factory 2 – Everyone needs to work with their non writing hand. Factory 3 – Everyone needs to only work with their thumb and pointing finger. Factory 4 – Everyone is under the table using their non writing hand. Factory 5 – Seat 3 can only use their non writing hand, Seat 4 can only use their thumb and pointing finger. Quota is reduced to 10.
11. Discussion How did you feel about working for less money than before? What do you think each factory representing? Do you think it was right in what they did? Why or why not? Why was the quota reduced to 15? What do you think was happening? How is this related to paying the workers less?

12. The Beginnings of the Industrial Revolution

    10.3.1 Analyze why England was the first country to industrialize. 10.3.2 – Examine how scientific and technological changes and new forms of energy brought about massive social, economic, and cultural change.
13. Matching Vocabulary! Enclosure Factory entrepreneur Industrialization Urbanization Mass production capitalism A person who organizes, manages, and takes on the risks of a business the process of turning a rural area or village into a town or city the high volume, low-cost manufacture of identical items through the use of specialization and interchangeable parts an economic system in which all resources are privately owned and markets determine how those resources are distributed the repossession and fencing-in by landowners of formerly common lands, often for the purpose of commercial farming the amount of goods and services produced for each unit of productive resources used (output per unit of input) The development of industries for the machine production of goods A large building in which machinery is used to manufacture goods.
14. Industrial Revolution! The time period where output of machined good was greatly increased Before the Industrial Revolution, goods were all hand made, which made them more expensive to purchase. During the Industrial Revolution, machines take over people’s job and create a more efficient and faster process which leads to cheaper goods!
15. Why Britain? Agriculture Revolution Landowners begin to buy and enclose them to make larger fields (enclosures) New agricultural methods used Forced smaller farmers to work for them or move to the city JethroTull Invents the seed drill in 1701 Boosted crop yields
16. Why Britain? Crop Rotations The system of growing a different crop in a field each year to preserve the fertility of the land Old method was the 3 field system Example Year 1 – grow wheat till soil nutrients are used. Year 2 – grow turnips (or any root crop) to restore the nutrients This replenishes the nutrients while maximizing money. Livestock Robert Bakewell Bred only the best sheep to get the best amount of meat. Went from 18 lbs of meat to 50 lbs of meat per lamb Demand for food went up with Britain’s population
17. Why the Industrial Revolution Begins in England Natural Resources Water power and large coal reserves to fuel machines Iron ore (to make steel) to construct machines, tools and buildings Rivers for inland transportation Harbors to sell their product from Large population A lot of people means you have a large amount of people to be in the work force Entrepreneurs began to invest in new businesses and new inventions Banks were loaning more money to create new inventions Inventions Help the people do their work faster and more efficiently producing a higher yield Government Stable government No wars took place on British soil Parliament passed laws to encourage people to create new inventions or invest in businesses
18. Inventions Spur Industrialization Changes in textiles (Clothing) John Kay Invented the Flying shuttle that sped back and forth on wheels Doubled the work a manual weaver could do in a day John Hargreaves Invents the Spinning Jenny (named after his daughter) Allowed to work 8 threads at a time Richard Arkwright Invents the water frame Spins the wheels by water streams Edmund Cartwright Takes Arkwright’s idea and combines Hargreaves’ and invents the spinning mule Eli Whitney American inventor who creates the cotton gin Speeds up the process of cleaning cotton
19. Inventions in Transportation Watt’s Steam Engine James Watt Mathematical instrument make Made it more efficient than before by making it burn less coal Water Transportation Robert Fulton Creates a steam boat called the Clermont This allows people to travel up and down rivers more efficiently Creation of canals allow people to make made made rivers to areas where they need to go Road Transportation John McAdams Creates a better road by adding larges stones to drain water then adding crushed rock Wagons would no longer get stuck Turnpikes invented Roads which tolls needed to be paid.
20. Railway Age Commences Richard Trevithick Built a locomotive (steam train) which hauled 10 tons over 10 miles of track George Stephenson Built trains for mine operators which allowed more coal to be take out of the mines. His train, went 27 miles from Yorkshire to Stockton (a port) Liverpool to Manchester Railroad Creates a steam engine, Rocket, carrying 13 tons at 24 miles an hour This allowed faster transportation from land to sea ports
21. Effects of Railroads Cheap transportation Gave manufacturers a cheap way of shipping goods, materials, and finished products New Jobs With more tracks and locomotives needed, people were working to lay tracks and mine more for the locomotives to move Boosted Economy Farmers and fisherman could now transport their goods around the country faster and more efficiently Changed daily life Encourage country people to take city jobs Help boost people taking vacations to resorts in the countryside.