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Hapsburg Family: Austrian (part of HRE) Maximilian I ----------m------- Mary of Burgundy

Aim: Why was Charles V unsuccessful in stopping the spread of the Protestant Reformation in the Holy Roman Empire?. Hapsburg Family: Austrian (part of HRE) Maximilian I ----------m------- Mary of Burgundy

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Hapsburg Family: Austrian (part of HRE) Maximilian I ----------m------- Mary of Burgundy

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  1. Aim: Why was Charles V unsuccessful in stopping the spread of the Protestant Reformation in the Holy Roman Empire? • Hapsburg Family: Austrian (part of HRE) Maximilian I ----------m-------Mary of Burgundy Holy Roman Emperor Heir to Burgundian Ruled Austria lands in France and the Netherlands Philip of Burgundy ------m-----Joanna of Castile Heir to Spain Charles V

  2. Goals of Charles V • In 1519 (at the age of 19), Charles V convinces the seven electors to declare him Holy Roman Emperor. Believes himself to be the new Charlemagne, wishes to unify his empire. • Why will Luther be a major barrier to achieving this?

  3. Obstacles faced by Charles V • Luther turns many princes and rulers of the individual German states onto Protestantism. • Appeal to the Christian Nobility of the German Nation: The papacy has used its power to financially exploit the people of Germany. Uses the phrase “we Germans” to build support. • Supporting Luther means the chance to take land from the Church! • These rulers are use to be autonomous, do not want Charles V interfering in their states. Protestantism gives them an excuse to resist Charles.

  4. Obstacles faced by Charles V • Some German states become Protestant, others remain Catholic and loyal to Charles V. Outcome = Civil War in the Holy Roman Empire over religion (1546-1555). • Charles V and the Catholic states do well at first, but encounter unexpected opposition from Catholic France: • The Burgundy issue • Hapsburg-Valois wars • The Pope himself refuses to support Charles V

  5. Obstacles Faced by Charles V • Compromise Solution: The Peace of Augsburg (1555). Charles V recognizes Protestantism. Rulers of each German state can decide what the religion of their state will be. Northern and central Germany become Protestant while the south remains Catholic. Does this mean there is now religious tolerance in the German states?

  6. End of Charles V • Abdicates his throne in 1556 and moves to a monastery. Transfers power over Spain and the Netherlands to his son Philip II.

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