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Prepared by Ms. Hess

Prepared by Ms. Hess. What Is MLA Style?. A method of: Formatting academic essays Citing all the sources you use in your writing MLA = Modern Languages Association Different disciplines have different styles: English & literature studies use MLA style

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Prepared by Ms. Hess

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  1. Prepared by Ms. Hess

  2. What Is MLA Style? • A method of: • Formatting academic essays • Citing all the sources you usein your writing • MLA = Modern Languages Association • Different disciplines have different styles: • English & literature studies use MLA style • Psychology & social sciences use APA style • Chicago style, Vancouver style, Turabian, etc.

  3. What Is a Citation? • Cite (verb) = to acknowledge a source • Citation (noun) = a reference to a source • Two types of citations: • In-text citations • Bibliographic (Works Cited) citations

  4. When Do I Cite? You MUST cite anytime you use someone else’s words, ideas, or information!

  5. When Do I Cite? When you take words, ideas or information from: • Books, magazines, newspapers, brochures, posters, etc. • Websites, blogs, online databases, Tweets, Vines, etc. • Pictures, paintings, movies, T.V. shows, music videos, YouTube clips, song lyrics, advertisements, etc. • Teachers, class handouts, lectures, interviews, special presentations, conversations, etc. FROM ANY SOURCE!

  6. Why Do I Cite? 1. To credit other people for their ideas and research.

  7. Why Do I Cite? 2. To demonstrate that you have done your research and you know your stuff.

  8. Why Do I Cite? 3. To avoid plagiarizing.

  9. How Do I Cite? Part 1: In-Text Citations Formula: (Last name page number) Example: (Sharma 143)

  10. In-Text Citations • Use round brackets only ( ) • Place citation at the end of the sentence • Before the closing punctuation (the period) • No punctuation inside the brackets • No punctuation at the end of the quotation, before the citation

  11. In-Text Citations Quotations: Katniss suggests that life in District 12 is sometimes difficult. For example, she says that the citizens of District 12 are “lucky to get two or three hours of electricity in the evenings” (Collins 5).

  12. In-Text Citations Paraphrases: Katniss suggests that life in District 12 is sometimes difficult. For example, the people of the district often have to go without power at night (Collins 5).

  13. In-Text Citations If the author is identified in the sentence: In Dreams from My Father, Obama says of his mother: “[S]he was the kindest, most generous spirit I have ever known, and […] what is best in me I owe to her” (xii).

  14. In-Text Citations If there are two authors: (Stark and Nurse 17) If there are three authors: (Stark, Nurse and Gala 231) If there are more than three authors: (Gala et al. 54)

  15. In-Text Citations If there is no author: • Use the first 1-2 words in the article or story title • Put the title words in quotation marks • Examples: (“Oranges” n.p.) (“The Owls” 13) If there is no page number: • Use the abbreviation n.p. (no page) • Example: (Smith n.p.)

  16. How Do I Cite? Part 2: Works Cited • A separate page at the end of your essay • Must be titled Works Cited • Must include EVERY source you used • Organized alphabetically by author last name (or title, if no author) • Indent the second (etc.) lines of the citation

  17. Works Cited Citations Books Last name, first name. Book Title. City: Publisher, year. Medium of publication. Example: Collins, Suzanne. The Hunger Games. New York: Scholastic Press, 2008. Print.

  18. Works Cited Citations Short stories, poems, essays, chapters from a book: Last name, first name. “Title of story, poem, et cetera.” Book Title. Ed. Editor name. City: Publisher, year. Page range. Medium of publication. Example Thomas, Marie-Sabine. “Déracinée.” Quiet Storm: Voices of Young Black Poets. Ed. Lydia OmololaOkutoro. New York: Hyperion Books for Children, 1999. 36-37. Print.

  19. Works Cited Citations Newspaper or magazine articles: Last name, first name. “Title of Article.” Title of Magazine or Newspaperday month year: page range. Medium of publication. Example Price, S.L. “Angry Birds: XLVIII Super Bowl Champions.” Sports Illustrated Feb. 2014: 24- 41. Print.

  20. Works Cited Citations Website (basic model): Last name, first name. “Title of Article.” Title of Website. Publisher, day month year of publication. Medium of publication. Date you accessed the site. Example Mangra, Rebecca. “Female Musicians: Misrepresenting Themselves?” Capricious Consumers. Blogspot.ca, 4 Dec. 2013. Web. 14 Feb. 2014.

  21. Works Cited Citations A Tweet: Last name, first name(Twitter username). “Complete Tweet.” Day Month Year, Time of posting. Tweet. Example James, Lebron(KingJames). “Love my teammates like crazy! #Heatles #StriveForGreatness.” 10 Feb. 2014, 2:16 a.m. Tweet.

  22. Works Cited Citations If there are two authors: Nurse, Trisha, and Shannon Stark. […] If there are three authors: Nurse, Trisha, Shannon Stark and Monday Gala. […] If there are more than three authors: Gala, Monday, et al. […]

  23. Works Cited Citations If there is no author: • Alphabetize according to the title If there is no page number: • Use the abbreviation n.p. (no page) If there is no date: • Use the abbreviation n.d.(no date)

  24. Works Cited

  25. Resources • Purdue OWL (Online Writing Lab):https://owl.english.purdue.edu/ • EasyBib: http://www.easybib.com/ • Your college or university writing centre E.g. Ryerson Writing Centre: http://writingcentre.blog.ryerson.ca/

  26. Remember… YOU are responsible for finding out: • What citation style your teacher or professor wants you to use • How to correctly use it

  27. A Few Tips… • Record complete & accurate citation info for each source when you start your research (NOT after!) • Write in-text citations as you take notes, at the end of each note (quotations & paraphrases) • Aim to spend at least 2 hours checking your citations & created your Works Cited

  28. Works Cited Collins, Suzanne. The Hunger Games. New York: Scholastic Press, 2008. Credible Hulk image. “Cite It Right.” Byrd LLC. HCPS Byrd LLC, n.d. Web. 14 Feb. 2014. EasyBib. Imagine Easy Solutions, LLC, 2012. Web. 14 Feb. 2014. James, Lebron (KingJames). “Love my teammates like crazy! #Heatles #StriveForGreatness.” 10 Feb. 2014, 2:16 a.m. Tweet.

  29. Works Cited “Keep Calm and Cite Your Sources Poster.” Keep Calm and Posters. KeepCalmandPosters.com, 2012. Web. 14 Feb. 2014. Mangra, Rebecca. “Female Musicians: MisrepresentingThemselves?” Capricious Consumers. Blogspot.ca, 4 Dec. 2013. Web. 14 Feb. 2014. “MLA Formatting: Works Cited Pages.” Adams- Friendship American Experience. Weebly.com, n.d. Web. 14 Feb. 2014.

  30. Works Cited MLA Handbook image. Find Icons. FindIcons.com, 2014. Web. 14 Feb. 2014. Mr. T. poster. Memegenerator. Memegenerator.com, n.d. Web. 14 Feb. 2014. Obama, Barack. Dreams from My Father. New York: Three Rivers Press, 2004. Pirillo & Fitz. Cartoon. “To Catch a Plagiarist.” Edwize. Edwize, 15 Feb. 2012. Web. 14 Feb. 2014.

  31. Works Cited Price, S.L. “Angry Birds: XLVIII Super Bowl Champions.” Sports Illustrated Feb. 2014: 24- 41. Print. The Purdue OWL Family of Sites. The Writing Lab at Purdue and Purdue U, 2008. Web. 14 Feb. 2014. Thomas, Marie-Sabine. “Déracinée.”Quiet Storm: Voices of Young Black Poets. Ed. Lydia OmololaOkutoro. New York: Hyperion Books for Children, 1999. 36-37. Print.

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