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Energy Systems Analysis Group Activities

Energy Systems Analysis Group Activities. Bob Williams CMI Annual Meeting Princeton University 9 February 2010. Toward Decarbonization of Coal Power. US coal power accounts for: ½ of electricity ⅓ of CO 2 emissions from fossil fuel burning

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Energy Systems Analysis Group Activities

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  1. Energy Systems Analysis Group Activities Bob Williams CMI Annual Meeting Princeton University 9 February 2010

  2. Toward Decarbonization of Coal Power US coal power accounts for: ½ of electricity ⅓ of CO2 emissions from fossil fuel burning Decarbonizing existing coal plant sites warrants priority under serious C-mitigation policy Options considered: CCS retrofit for pulverized coal plant (PC-CCS retrofit) Four repowering options Definitions: Retrofit: retain plant but add equipment to “scrub” CO2 from flue gases Repower: bulldoze site and rebuild there—but retain all infrastructure…or rebuild elsewhere if site unsuitable

  3. Carbon Mitigation Options Examined

  4. Repowering via Coal/Biomass Coproduction of Liquid Fuels + Electricity with CCS (CBTLE-CCS) • Outputs: Fischer-Tropsch liquid fuels (~ 2/3 energy out = synthetic • diesel/gasoline) + electricity (~ 1/3 energy out from combined cycle) • ~ ½ feedstock C captured as CO2, stored in geological media • GHG emission rate declines as biomass % of energy input increases • Configuration considered: • 7,800 B/D of FTL + 264 MWe (net) • Biomass @ 1 x 106 dt/y = 38% of input (energy basis, HHV) • 2.1 x 106 t CO2 stored annually • GHG emissions are ~ 90% < for conventional energy displaced • (existing coal power + equivalent crude oil-derived products)

  5. LEVELIZED ELECTRICITY GENERATION COST vs GHG EMISSIONS PRICE

  6. THOUGHT EXPERIMENT: DECARBONIZE 90% OF EXISTING COAL POWER, 2020-2050 (9.4 GWe/y) • CBTLE-CCS coproduct: 3.9 million barrels/day of low-C synfuels • 0.5 Gt biomass needed annually by 2050 for repowering option • NG generation up 2 X, 2020-2050 (assumed make-up power:NGCC-CCS)

  7. FUTURE WORK • Potentially abundant, ubiquitous shale gas at reasonable cost  extend coproduction idea CBTLE-CCS  GBTLE-CCS • Extend analysis to China—exploring prospects for both as alternatives to continued building of PC-V plants

  8. Core Group: Robert Williams Eric Larson Tom Kreutz LIU Guangjian ZHENG Zhong China Collaborators LI Zheng (Tsinghua) CHEN Haiping (NCEPU) GUO Xianbo (SINOPEC) ZHOU Zhe (Tsinghua) Politecnico di Milano collaborators: Stefano Consonni Emanuele Martelli Giulia Fiorese ECN, The Netherlands Michiel Carbo ESAG TEAM AND MAIN COLLABORATORS, 2009-2010

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