1 / 25

Developmental Psych

Developmental Psych. From the cradle to the grave. The Central Question:. What really plays more of a roll in determining WHO WE ARE? Your genes? OR Your environment?. Gene- Environment Interaction. Genes can influence environmental reactions.

ferris
Télécharger la présentation

Developmental Psych

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Developmental Psych From the cradle to the grave

  2. The Central Question: What really plays more of a roll in determining WHO WE ARE? Your genes? OR Your environment?

  3. Gene- Environment Interaction • Genes can influence environmental reactions. • Ex- being naturally artistic, more attention from art teacher= better development of skill. • Environments can also influence genes to have an influence- • Ex. Living in a troubled home may trigger a kid’s aggressiveness to come out (genetically influenced.) • Genes and Enviro- 2 hands clapping!

  4. Genetics • YOU= 46 chromosomes, 23 -mom, 23- dad 23rd pair tells whether you’re a boy or a girl. XX= girl, XY= boy

  5. Genetics The book CHROMOSOMES- contain DNA DNA- deoxyribonucleic acid, contains human genome GENES- synthesizing proteins, building blocks of DNA WE SHARE 99.9% OF OUR DNA WITH EVERYONE ELSE!

  6. The Human Genome- “Instructions for Life” • Complete instructions for making an organism consisting of all genetic material. • Found in DNA • Common sequence • Composed of genes • Us and Chimps = 96% the same

  7. The Human Genome Project • The International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium published “the human genome” in February 2001 with the sequence of the entire genome's three billion base pairs some 90 percent complete! • The # of human genes appeared to be significantly fewer than previous estimates, which ranged from 50,000 genes to as many as 140,000.

  8. A Short HGP Video • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tZ_b800KcPo

  9. What’s Next? • The Cancer Genome Atlas • aims to identify all the genetic abnormalities seen in 50 major types of cancer. • NIH (National Institute of Health) • Want to sequencing an individual’s genome for $1,000 or less. • Having your individual genome sequence will make it easier to diagnose, manage and treat many diseases.

  10. Conception • 200 million sperm rush after mother’s egg Releases digestive enzyme to break through egg. Once winning sperm gets in, a “force field” is created to block out all others. Outer surface fuses shut, and closes the door.

  11. Prenatal Development • Fertilized eggs= “zygotes” • Fewer than ½ survive beyond the first 2 weeks. • Within 1 week= 100 cells, differentiated by structure and function. • After 10 days, attach to uterine wall. • Outer part- forms placenta (gives nourishment and protection) • Inner part- embryo (2 weeks till second month)

  12. Organ development • Heart formed at 20 days, beats at 3 weeks. • By day 28- backbone and muscles forming • Arms, legs, ears, eyes • By day 30-placenta forms barrier to allow oxygen and food in and mothers separate. By day 30, embryo is 10,000 times larger than the original fertilized egg.

  13. Organ Development 5 weeks 6 weeks

  14. Fetus: 9 weeks- birth • Stomach functional, responsive to sound.

  15. Placenta Importance • Feeds and nourishes fetus. • Screens out harmful teratogens (viruses/drugs/smoke) • Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)- 1/ 750 infants. Birth defects if mother drinks while pregnant. • Small head, brain abnormalities, mental retardation.

  16. Newborns • Reflexes for survival: FIND MOM! • She is a source of love, comfort and most of all, food. • Rooting reflex- babies automatically turn their faces to a stimulus (mother’s nipple). • Seek out human interaction = survival

  17. A Baby’s Brain • Huge neural growth spurt up until puberty. • 23 billion nerve connections at birth. (Most) • Frontal lobe- most rapidly • Association areas- last

  18. Memory • “Infantile Amnesia”- you cannot remember anything before you are 3 years old. • Preverbal memories are like encoding a different language. • The mind has the knowledge but cannot express it. • Trauma before the age of 3/4- more severe psychological effects.

  19. Hey, you guys look alike, are you twins? • Identical • Monozygotic= 1 egg splits in 2 • 100% the same • Often treated alike • Similar divorce rates • Fraternal • Dizygotic= 2 eggs separately fertilized • No more similar that your older or younger siblings

  20. Separated Twins • The Jim Twins- same wives names’, dogs’ names, intelligence, personality. • Separated twins are more dissimilar than twins reared together. • Still, remarkable similarities = controversy

  21. Adoption Studies • Adopted kids tend to turn out more similar to biological parents than adopted parents. • Genetic leash!! Can only go so far. • Environment has some role in child’s development: • Attitudes • Values • Faith • Adoptive homes tend to be more stable- kids do benefit.

  22. “Why are me and my siblings so different?” • Parenting= process performed by parents and children. • From early on, children monitor and react to their parents’ interactions with their siblings. (Self-comparisons) • First-borns and second-borns watch mother’s interactions with siblings. Compare amount of attention given. • Kids who receive less affection and attention = likely to be more worried, anxious or depressed than other children. • Parents tend to secretly prefer their most attractive child.

  23. http://content.time.com/time/video/player/0,32068,1174910082001_2094342,00.htmlhttp://content.time.com/time/video/player/0,32068,1174910082001_2094342,00.html

More Related