Preventing Cancer with Healthy Life Styles

Slide 1:Preventing Cancer with Healthy Life Styles

Li-Fen L. Chang, M.D., Ph.D. Radiation Oncology SOMC Cancer Center

Slide 2:Estimated US Cancer Cases*

*Excludes basal and squamous cell skin cancers and in situ carcinomas except urinary bladder. Source: American Cancer Society. Men766,860 Women678,060 32% Breast 12% Lung and bronchus 11% Colon and rectum 6% Uterine corpus 4% Non-Hodgkin lymphoma 4% Melanoma of skin 3% Ovary 3% Thyroid 2% Urinary bladder 2% Pancreas 21% All Other Sites Prostate 33% Lung and bronchus 13% Colon and rectum 10% Urinary bladder 7% Melanoma of skin 5% Non-Hodgkin 4% lymphoma Kidney 3% Leukemia 3% Oral Cavity 3% Pancreas 2% All Other Sites 17% Now we will turn our attention to the number of new cancers anticipated in the US this year. It is estimated that 1.37 million new cases of cancer will be diagnosed in 2005. Cancers of the prostate and breast will be the most frequently diagnosed cancers in men and women, respectively, followed by lung and colorectal cancers both in men and in women. Now we will turn our attention to the number of new cancers anticipated in the US this year. It is estimated that 1.37 million new cases of cancer will be diagnosed in 2005. Cancers of the prostate and breast will be the most frequently diagnosed cancers in men and women, respectively, followed by lung and colorectal cancers both in men and in women.

Slide 3: Estimated US Cancer Deaths*

ONS=Other nervous system. Source: American Cancer Society, Men289,550 Women270,100 27% Lung and bronchus 15% Breast 10% Colon and rectum 6% Ovary 6% Pancreas 4% Leukemia 3% Non-Hodgkin lymphoma 3% Uterine corpus 2% Multiple myeloma 2% Brain/ONS 22% All other sites Lung and bronchus 31% Prostate 10% Colon and rectum 10% Pancreas 5% Leukemia 4% Esophagus 4% Liver and intrahepatic 3%bile duct Non-Hodgkin 3% Lymphoma Urinary bladder 3% Kidney 3% All other sites 24% Lung cancer is the most common fatal cancer in men (31%), followed by prostate cancer (10%), and colon & rectum cancer (10%). In women, lung (27%), breast (15%), and colon & rectum (10%) are the leading sites of cancer death. Lung cancer is the most common fatal cancer in men (31%), followed by prostate cancer (10%), and colon & rectum cancer (10%). In women, lung (27%), breast (15%), and colon & rectum (10%) are the leading sites of cancer death.

Slide 4:Cancer Facts

African Americans are more likely to die of cancer than people of any other racial or ethnic group. The number of new cancer cases and cancer death rates for MEN are highest among African Americans. Cancer death rates for WOMEN are highest among African Americans. Among MEN and Women, the number of new cases of lung cancer is more than 2 times higher among African Americans than among Asian/Pacific Islanders. *Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Slide 5:Statistics (to continue)

In 2004, African American men were 1.4 times as likely to have new cases of lung and prostate cancer, as compared to non-Hispanic white men. African American men were almost twice as likely to have new cases of stomach cancer as non-Hispanic white men. African Americans men had lower 5-year cancer survival rates for lung and pancreatic cancer, as compared to non-Hispanic white men. The Office of Minor Health, US Department of Health & Human Services

Slide 6:Statistics (continue)

In 2005, African American men were 2.4 times as likely to die from prostate cancer, as compared to non-Hispanic white men. In 2005, African American women were 10% less likely to have been diagnosed with breast cancer, however, they were 34% more likely to die from breast cancer, as compared to non-Hispanic white women. African American women are twice as likely to have been diagnosed with stomach cancer, and they are 2.4 times as likely to die from stomach cancer, as compared to non-Hispanic white women.

Slide 7:Cancer Prevention

Do not using tobacco products: tobacco causes cancer of many sites! Lung Throat Mouth Nasopharyngeal Esophagus Stomach Bladder Pancreas Liver Cervix Acute myeloid leukemia

Slide 8:Cancer Prevention

Choosing foods with less fat and eating more vegetables, fruits, and whole grains: Obesity is associated with colon, breast, endometrial, Ovarian, and possibly other cancers.

Slide 9:Cancer Prevention

Avoiding excessive alcohol drinking: Excessive alcohol consumption is associated with increased risk of oral, esophageal, breast, and other cancers.

Slide 10:Cancer Prevention

Exercising regularly and maintaining a lean weight: Physical inactivity is associated with increased risk of colon, breast, Gynecologic, and possibly other cancers.

Slide 11:Cancer Prevention

Avoiding the harmful rays of the sun, using sunscreen, and wearing clothing that protects the skin: skin cancer. Fair skinned, lots of moles, relative has had melanoma or other skin cancer

Slide 12:common signs and symptoms of cancer

new mole or an obvious change in the appearance of an existing wart or mole

Slide 13:common signs and symptoms of cancer

a sore that does not heal

Slide 14:Cancer Prevention

Avoiding exposure to ionizing radiation and ultraviolet radiation, certain occupational and chemical exposures: radon, asbestos (mesothelioma), chemical dye (bladder cancer)

Slide 15:Cancer Prevention

Avoid infectious agents: human papillomavirus (HPV), hepatitis B and C (HepB and HepC), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), increase the risk of some types of cancer: Cervical cancer, oral cancer, lymphoma, liver cancer Kaposis Sarcoma

Slide 16:common signs and symptoms of cancer

new thickening or lump in the breast or any other part of the body Monthly self breast exam Clinical breast exam Self testicular exam

Slide 17:common signs and symptoms of head and neck, lung cancer

Nagging cough or hoarseness Unhealing mouth sore Persistent sore throat Nose bleed Chest pain Cough up blood Short of breath

Slide 18:common signs and symptoms of GI or GU cancer

changes in bowel or bladder habits Tarry stool Fresh blood in stool or urine Lost of bowel or bladder control Urination problem

Slide 19:common signs and symptoms of cancer

persistent indigestion or difficulty swallowing “bloating” feeling New lump or nodules Night sweat

Slide 20:common signs and symptoms of cancer

unexplained changes in weight Lost appetite

Slide 21:common signs and symptoms of cancer

unusual bleeding or discharge

Slide 22:Why is cancer screening important? 

Treatment is often more effective when cancer is detected early. Screening exams, such as Sigmoidoscopy/colonoscopy or the fecal occult blood test, mammography, Pap test, PSA can detect precancerous conditions, which can be treated before they turn into invasive cancer.

Slide 23:SOMC Cancer Screening

Breast Cancer Prostate Cancer Skin Cancer Lung for life

Slide 24:Conclusion: Live long and be joyous

The most effective treatment and prevention for many illness is life style change. Don’t smoke, eat healthy, exercise, weight control, modesty for alcohol, less sun exposure, avoid harmful ray/chemical, avoid STD, consider HPV vaccine