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The Rise and Spread of Islam and the Muslim Empires

The Rise and Spread of Islam and the Muslim Empires. By: Rachel McClure. Muhammad. Born in 570 into Quraysh tribe of Banu Hashim Received revelations from Allah in 610 (later became Quaran) Umayyad nobles saw him as a threat Fled Mecca and established following in Medina

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The Rise and Spread of Islam and the Muslim Empires

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  1. The Rise and Spread of Islam and the Muslim Empires By: Rachel McClure

  2. Muhammad • Born in 570 into Quraysh tribe of Banu Hashim • Received revelations from Allah in 610 (later became Quaran) • Umayyad nobles saw him as a threat • Fled Mecca and established following in Medina • Victorious against attacking Quraysh tribes- smashed idols of Mecca

  3. Islam • Five pillars-confessions of faith, pray facing Mecca five times a day, fast during Ramadan, zakat, hajj to Mecca • Zakat emphasized giving to charity • Umma was the community of faithful Muslims • Muhammad was God’s prophet • No method of choosing successors • Sufis were mystics whose job was to convert conquered lands to Islam

  4. Sunni vs. Shi’ite • Sunnis believed in the election of the most capable leader (Umayyad and later Abbasid empire) • Shi’ites believed that leadership should be passed down within Muhammad’s family • Constant fighting, even to modern day

  5. Bedouins • Nomadic cultures in Arabian peninsula • Goat and camel herders • Founded Mecca • Women treated almost equally- weren’t allowed to be warriors but inheritance in some tribes was matrilineal • Organized into clans which united into tribes during war

  6. Umayyad • Split of Muslims after Muhammad’s death • Abu Bakr reunited Bedouin clans that split • War between Ali and Umayyads for power- Ridda Wars • Conquest for wealth and honor not conversions • Collapse of empire because of Abbasid and Shi’ite rebellion

  7. Abbasids • Centralized government for equality for even non Arab Muslims • Mass conversions encouraged • Reestablished Afro- Eurasian trade network (Golden Age of Islamic Civilization) • Succession disputes caused formation of private armies- decentralization • Buyids captured Baghdad in 945 • Final collapse with assassination of final caliph by Mongols in 1258

  8. Jeopardy!!! • jeopardylabs.com/play/the-rise-and-spread-of-islam-and-the-muslim-empires • jeopardylabs.com/edit/the-rise-and-spread-of-islam-and-the-muslim-empires

  9. Works Cited "Create Your Own Jeopardy Template Online." JeopardyLabs. Jeopardy Labs. Web. 23 Apr. 2012. "Student Resources." World Civilizations: The Global Experience. Pearson, 2010. Web. 23 Apr. 2012.

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