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Information Technologies Department

Information Technologies Department. Tour of CERN Computer Center and the Grid at CERN. Welcome!. Computing at CERN. IT Department. General Purpose Computing Environment Administrative Computing Services Physics and engineering computing

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Information Technologies Department

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  1. Information Technologies Department Tour of CERNComputer Center and the Grid at CERN Welcome!

  2. Computing at CERN IT Department • General Purpose Computing Environment • Administrative Computing Services • Physics and engineering computing • Consolidation, coordination and standardization of computing activities • Physics applications(e.g., for data acquisition/offline analysis) • Accelerator design and operations http://cern.ch/it

  3. LHC Data every year 1 Megabyte (1MB) A digital photo 1 Gigabyte (1GB) = 1000MB 5GB = A DVD movie 1 Terabyte (1TB) = 1000GB World annual book production 1 Petabyte (1PB) = 1000TB Annual production of one LHC experiment 1 Exabyte (1EB) = 1000 PB 3EB = World annual information production • 40 million collisions per second • After filtering, 100 collisions of interest per second • > 1 Megabyte of data digitised per collision recording rate > 1 Gigabyte / sec • 1010 collisions recorded each year stored data > 15 Petabytes / year CMS LHCb ATLAS ALICE http://cern.ch/lhc

  4. Balloon (30 Km) CD stack with 1 year LHC data! (~ 20 Km) Concorde (15 Km) Mt. Blanc (4.8 Km) LHC Data every year LHC data correspond to about 20 million CDs each year Where will the experiments store all of these data?

  5. LHC Data Processing LHC data analysis requires a computing power equivalent to~ 100,000 of today's fastest PC processors Where will the experiments find such a computing power?

  6. Computing power available at CERN • High-throughput computing based on reliable “commodity” technology • More than 8500 CPUs in about 3500 boxes (Linux) • 4 Petabytes on 14’000 drives (NAS Disk storage) • 10 Petabytes on 45’000 tape slots with 170 high speed drives Nowhere near enough!

  7. Computing for LHC • Problem: even with Computer Centre upgrade, CERN can provide only a fraction of the necessary resources • Solution:Computing centers, which were isolated in the past, will be connected,uniting the computing resources of particle physicists worldwide Europe: 267 institutes 4603 users Ailleurs: 208 institutes 1632 users

  8. What is the Grid? • The World Wide Web provides seamless access to information that is stored in many millions of different geographical locations • In contrast, the Gridis an emerging infrastructure that provides seamless access to computing power and data storage capacity distributed over the globe

  9. One Web but many Grids Grid development has been initiated by the academic, scientific and research community, but industry is also interested. • UK e-Science Grid • Netherlands – VLAM, PolderGrid • Germany – UNICORE, Grid proposal • France – Grid funding approved • Italy – INFN Grid • Eire – Grid proposals • Switzerland - Network/Grid proposal • Hungary – DemoGrid, Grid proposal • Norway, Sweden - NorduGrid • NASA Information Power Grid • DOE Science Grid • NSF National Virtual Observatory • NSF GriPhyN • DOE Particle Physics Data Grid • NSF TeraGrid • DOE ASCI Grid • DOE Earth Systems Grid • DARPA CoABS Grid • NEESGrid • DOH BIRN • NSF iVDGL • DataGrid (CERN, ...) • EuroGrid (Unicore) • DataTag (CERN,…) • Astrophysical Virtual Observatory • GRIP (Globus/Unicore) • GRIA (Industrial applications) • GridLab (Cactus Toolkit) • CrossGrid (Infrastructure Components) • EGSO (Solar Physics)

  10. 1. Sharing resources on a global scaleMain issues are trust, different management policies, virtual organisations, 24 hour access and support.2. SecurityMain issues are well-defined yet flexible rules, authentication, authorisation, compatibility and standards3. Balancing the loadThis is more than just cycle scavenging, (SETI@home), need middleware to monitor and broker resources4. The death of distanceNetworks delivered 56Kb/s 10 years ago,now we have 155Mb/s,for the LHC anticipate 10 Gb/s5. Open standardsGrid standards are converging, and include Web services, the GlobusToolkit, various protocols What are the principles behind the Grid? 5 big ideas…

  11. Grid applications for Science • Medical/Healthcare(imaging, diagnosis and treatment ) • Bioinformatics(study of the human genome and proteome to understand genetic diseases) • Nanotechnology(design of new materials from the molecular scale) • Engineering(design optimization, simulation, failure analysis and remote instrument access and control) • Natural Resources and the Environment(weather forecasting, earth observation, modeling and prediction of complex systems)

  12. Grid@CERN • CERN projects: • LHC Computing Grid (LCG) • EU funded projects led by CERN: • Enabling Grids for E-SciencE (EGEE) • + others • Industry funded projects: • CERN openlab for DataGrid applications

  13. LCG: LHC Computing Grid • Timeline • 2002: start project • 2003: 2003: service opened (LCG-1 started in September with 12 sites) • 2004 LCG-2 released • 2002 - 2005: deploy the LCG environment • 2006 – 2008: build and operate the LCG service • As of April 2007: • biggest Grid project in the world • 177 sites in more than 30 countries • 30’000 processors • 14 millions Gigabytes storage http://cern.ch/lcg

  14. The EGEE vision Access to a production quality GRID will change the way science and much else is done in Europe An international network of scientists will be able to model a new flood of the Danube in real time, using meteorological and geological data from several centres across Europe. A team of engineering students will be able to run the latest 3D rendering programs from their laptops using the Grid. A geneticist at a conference, inspired by a talk she hears, will be able to launch a complex biomolecular simulation from her mobile phone. http://www.eu-egee.org

  15. Openlab for Datagrid Applications • Objectives • Build an ultrahigh performance computer cluster • Link it to the DataGrid and test its performance • Evaluate potential of future commodity technology for LCG http://cern.ch/openlab

  16. IMPORTANT – FOR YOUR OWN SAFETYPLEASE DO NOT TOUCHEQUIPMENT AND CABLES DURING VISIT Computer Centre Tour • Ground Floor • OpenLab: equipment of the future • CIXP: CERN Internet Exchange Point • Basement • Storage Silos: >10 petabytes • PC farm: >3000 PC aligned

  17. To know more about the Grid…

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