1 / 12

3 rd DECLENSION ADJECTIVES

3 rd DECLENSION ADJECTIVES. GM 13. Content. Introduction Three groups of 3 rd declension adjectives Paradigm Examples of use Textbook. Introduction. Latin adjectives are divided into two groups.

foy
Télécharger la présentation

3 rd DECLENSION ADJECTIVES

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. 3rd DECLENSION ADJECTIVES • GM 13

  2. Content • Introduction • Three groups of 3rd declension adjectives • Paradigm • Examples of use • Textbook

  3. Introduction • Latin adjectives are divided into two groups. • Adjectives from the first group use exclusively endings from the 1st and the 2nd declension. This group is already known to you - see lesson 6 (adjectives). • The second group of adjectives use solely endings from the 3rd declension parisyllabics. • There are no adjectives which would use endings from remaining declensions (4th and 5th).

  4. 1st and 2nd declension adjectives • Let us review: if we connect a noun and an adjective belonging to a different declension, the adjective will not reproduce the ending of given noun. • Instead the adjective will adopt (1) gender, (2) grammatical case, and (3) grammatical number of the noun. • Therefore: chronic pain which utilise an adjective (chronic) belonging to the 1st and 2nd decl. group and noun (pain) from the 3rd decl. will be inflexed:

  5. pain chronic dolor doloris dolorem dolore dolores dolorum dolores doloribus chronicus chronici chronicum chronico chronici chronicorum chronicos chronicis For the adjective we have three possible sets of endings following paradigms musculus (M), vena (F), intestinum (N). Dolor is a masculine and therefore we have to choose from those three the proper paradigm for masculine gender: musculus.

  6. 3rd declension adjectives • 3rd declension adjectives are divided internally to 3 groups called: • one-termination adjectives • two-termination adjectives • three-termination adjectives • the number refers to amount of separate endings for gender in Nom. Sg. case thus one-termination adj. have only one ending common for all three genders; two-termination have one ending for M/F and the other for N, etc.

  7. Comments • Does it mean that we have three separate paradigms for all the sub-groups of adjectives according the 3rd declension? Thankfully no ... • The three subgroups differ virtually only in one position: Nom. Sg. • In all other grammatical cases a single paradigm brevis, e will be sufficient.

  8. Paradigm brevis, e Neutral endings in Nom. and Acc. cases are similar (marked red in singular). Yellow marked endings differ form standard imparisyllabic paradigm dolor and caput.

  9. Demonstration masculine and adjective feminine and adjective neutrum and adjective musculus brevis musculi brevis musculum brevem musculo brevi musculi breves musculorum brevium musculos breves musculis brevibus operatio brevis operationis brevis operationem brevem operatione brevi operationes breves operationum brevium operationes breves operationibus brevibus coma breve comatis brevis coma breve comate brevi comata brevia comatum brevium comata brevia comatibus brevibus Endings are similar because the adjective has only one set for both genders.

  10. Paradigm acer, acris, acre Three-termination adjectives have the three separate endings only in Nom. Sg. the rest corresponds with the paradigm brevis.

  11. Paradigm felix • One-termination adjectives have the only one ending in Nom. Sg. for all the genders the rest corresponds with the paradigm brevis. • Accusative of neutrals must follow Nom.

  12. Textbook • For related grammar and vocabulary see p. 166 - 169.

More Related