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COO

L -Form Amino Acid. -. COO. sp 3. +. a. H N. 3. H. 酸基. 胺基. H = Glycine. R group. CH 3 = Alanine. Juang RH (2005) BCbasics. 新的 Ile16 N- 端可穩定 Asp194. I16. D194. S195. Adapted from Dressler & Potter (1991) Discovering Enzymes, p.206. Catalytic Triad. Gly 193. His 57.

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COO

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  1. L-Form Amino Acid - COO sp3 + a H N 3 H 酸基 胺基 H = Glycine R group CH3 = Alanine Juang RH (2005) BCbasics

  2. 新的 Ile16 N-端可穩定 Asp194 I16 D194 S195 Adapted from Dressler & Potter (1991) Discovering Enzymes, p.206 Catalytic Triad Gly 193 His 57 Ser 195 Asp 194 Asp 102 +NH3 Ile 16 Nelson & Cox (2000) Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry (3e) p.112

  3. ESI-MS/MS can analyze smaller fragments Detector Source Analyzer LC ESI MS/MS + + + + + + + + - + + + LC + + + + + + + + + (or Ion-trap, Q-TOF) Quadrupole 四極棒 ElectroSpray Ionization - high voltage needle solvated ions desolvated ions Triple Quadrupole 也可以加上 TOF 鈍氣轟炸 + Q3 挑選片段 更小片段 q2 Adapted from Liebler (2002) Introduction to Proteomics, p.68 ,70 Q1 繼續分析

  4. 不同酵素可能採取類似的催化機制 O- C Sesame Triad ←有用的組合 ↙有趣的組合 Hi, Everybody! Juang RH (2005) BCbasics

  5. 由基本粒子到原子 + n + 原子核 電子 夸克 原子 由原子核與電子組成 - 原子核 由質子和中子組成 中子 - 基本粒子 u 質子 u d 質子和中子各由三個夸克組成 取材自牛頓雜誌(1991) 第 93 期, p.103

  6. 血中氧分子的運送 Lung 動脈 Muscle 靜脈 任何一個次体接受氧分子後，會增進其它次体吸附氧分子的能力 (R) relaxed state 氧 分 子 環境氧濃度高時 Hb 快速吸收氧分子 環境氧濃度低時 Hb 迅速釋出氧分子 (T) tense state Hemoglobin Myoglobin Juang RH (2004) BCbasics

  7. Antibody production 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 1 m 3 m 2 m 4 m 抗 原 取出脾細胞 免 疫 + 癌細胞 1 2 3 4 1 細胞融合 3 2 B 細胞 x 4 1 2 3 4 單株抗體 傳統抗血清 各抗體分開 所有抗體混合 Adapted from Milstein (1980) Scientific American, Oct. p.58

  8. 提高基質濃度增強酵素活性表現 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 80 60 40 20 0 生 成 物 濃 度 0 2 4 6 8 基質濃度 mmole S + E ↓ P (在固定時間內反應) Juang RH (2004) BCbasics

  9. Cooling Water Power supply 100~150 V ■ 直 立 式 電 泳 裝 置 - + Upper chamber Stacking Gel Lower chamber Running Gel + The vertical rod gel is the prototype of modern electrophoresis Juang RH (2005) EPA

  10. 細胞對血中葡萄糖濃度反應迅速 0 2 4 6 8 Time (min) Glycogen phosphorylase Glycogen synthase 葡萄糖 Enzyme activity 不是基因層次的控制 反應非常迅速 → Adapted from Stryer (1995) Biochemistry (4e) p.597

  11. 氦 He2 n + + n 氫 H1 Juang RH (2006) BCbasics

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