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Connectivity

Connectivity. Module 2.2. Connectivity. Upon completion of this module, you will be able to: Describe the physical components of a networked storage environment. Describe the logical components (communication protocols) of a networked storage environment.

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Connectivity

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  1. Connectivity Module 2.2

  2. Connectivity Upon completion of this module, you will be able to: • Describe the physical components of a networked storage environment. • Describe the logical components (communication protocols) of a networked storage environment. Coonectivity

  3. Physical Components – Host with Internal Storage Bus CPU Port HBA Host Cable Port Disk Coonectivity

  4. Bus Technology Serial Serial Bi-directional Parallel Coonectivity

  5. Bus Technology • System Bus – connects CPU to Memory • Local (I/O) Bus – carries data to/from peripheral devices. • Bus width measured in bits • Bus speed measured in MHz • Throughput measured in MB/S Coonectivity

  6. DirectlyAttachedEntities Network ConnectedEntities Tightly ConnectedEntities Connectivity Protocols • Protocol = a defined format for communication – allows the sending and receiving devices to agree on what is being communicated. Coonectivity

  7. Host Apps Operating System PCI SCSI or IDE/ATA Device Drivers Communication Protocols Coonectivity

  8. Bus Technology - PCI • Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) defines the local bus system within a computer • It is an interconnection between microprocessor and attached devices, in which expansion slots are spaced closely for high-speed operation. • Has Plug and Play functionality. • PCI is 32/64 bit • Throughput is 133 MB/sec Coonectivity

  9. IDE/ATA • Integrated Device Electronics (IDE) / Advanced Technology Attachment (ATA) • Most popular interface used with modern hard disks • Good performance at low cost • Desktop and laptop systems • Inexpensive storage interconnect Coonectivity

  10. SCSI - Small Computer System Interface • Most popular hard disk interface for servers. • Higher cost than IDE/ATA. • Supports multiple simultaneous data access. • Currently both parallel and serial forms. • Used primarily in “higher end” environments. Coonectivity

  11. SCSI Model Target Initiator Coonectivity

  12. LUNs Target ID Initiator ID SCSI Model Coonectivity

  13. LUN Initiator ID Target ID SCSI Addressing • Initiator ID - a number from 0 to 15 with the most common value being 7. • Target ID - a number from 0 to 15 • LUN - a number that specifies a device addressable through a target. Coonectivity

  14. Host Addressing Controller Target LUN t0 LUNs PeripheralController d0 d1 d2 Target c0 - ControllerInitiator, HBA Disk Identifier - Addressing c0 t0 d0 Coonectivity

  15. Pros: Fast transfer speeds, up to 320 megabytes per second Reliable, durable components Can connect many devices with a single bus, more than just HDs SCSI host cards can be put in almost any system Full backwards compatibility Cons: Configuration and setup specific to one computer Unlike IDE, few BIOS support the standard Overwhelming number of variations in the standard, hardware, and connectors No common software interfaces and protocol SCSI - Pros and Cons Coonectivity

  16. Comparison IDE/ATA vs SCSI Feature IDE/ATA SCSI Internal and External Storage Connectivity Market Internal Storage 320 Speed (MB/sec) 100/133/150 Yes Hot Pluggable No Very good but veryexpensive to set up Expandability Easier to set up High cost/Fasttransfer speed Cost/Performance Good Coonectivity

  17. Physical Components – Host with External Storage Port Bus CPU Host HBA Cable Port Disk Coonectivity

  18. Host Apps DBMS Mgmt Utils File System LVM Multipathing Software Device Drivers HBA HBA HBA Fibre Channel Storage Arrays Fibre Channel Coonectivity

  19. External Storage Interfaces – A Comparison • SCSI • Limited distance • Limited device count • Usually limited to single initiator • Single-ported drives • Fibre Channel • Greater distance • High device count in SANs • Multiple initiators • Dual-ported drives Coonectivity

  20. Fibre Channel Connectivity Hosts Storage Switches Coonectivity

  21. Module Summary Key points covered in this module: • The physical components of a networked storage environment. • The logical components (communication protocols) of a networked storage environment. Coonectivity

  22. Check Your Knowledge • What are the key physical connectivity components of a small systems environment? • What are the key physical connectivity components of networked storage computing environments? • What are the key logical connectivity protocols found in all computing environments? Coonectivity

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