1 / 17

ISLAM - “to submit”

ISLAM - “to submit”. “There is no god but Allah: Muhammad is the prophet of Allah”. Call to prayer. Muhammad “The Prophet”. born @ 570 CE in Mecca raised by an Uncle Quraish clan Hermit: spent time in solitude prayed in mtn caves Angel Gabriel appeared to him “RECITE” became QURAN

fulton-watts
Télécharger la présentation

ISLAM - “to submit”

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. ISLAM - “to submit” “There is no god but Allah: Muhammad is the prophet of Allah” Call to prayer

  2. Muhammad “The Prophet” • born @ 570 CE in Mecca • raised by an Uncle • Quraish clan • Hermit: spent time in solitude • prayed in mtn caves • Angel Gabriel appeared to him • “RECITE” • became QURAN • Ramadan was t/month that Quran was recited to Mu. • Khadija • 1st convert to Islam • Muhammad’s 1st wife • merchant

  3. HEJIRA • 622 CE • first year of Muslim Calendar • migration of Mu. & Muslims fm Mecca to Medina • Medina (City o/t Prophet) • 2nd holiest site in Islam • 630 CE: war w/ Meccans • captures Mecca • dedicates KA’ABA to Allah • smashes all idols • holiest site in Islam

  4. Muhammad’s Miracles • Heart cleansed with snow by two angels • ascension to heaven: • Dome o/t Rock • 1500 Muslims drank water from one vessel from Mu’s hand

  5. FIVE PILLARS of ISLAM • Proclamation of Faith • Prayer five times a day • facing Mecca • Alms (charity) to the poor & aged • Fasting during Ramadan • Gabriel spoke to Mu • Hejira • no food/water btwn sunrise & sunset • Hajj: pilgrimage to Mecca ONCE in a lifetime KA’ABA

  6. The QURAN • Muslim holy book • sits at the right hand of Allah • exact word of Allah as revealed to Mu. by Angel Gabriel • God becomes the Word • SHARIA LAW • authority on religion, politics, law, economics & social life • forbidden to translate from Arabic • link btwn all Muslims

  7. Quranic teachings • “people of the book” • Jews & Christians • treat w/ tolerance • be merciful & compassionate • repeat 1st Pillar three times in front of male Muslim to become a Muslim • “I divorce you” x3 • Paradise or Hell (Judgment Day) • Hadith: traditional sayings o/t prophet • Inshallah (the will of God) • Belief in predestination • God controls all that happens

  8. GOLDEN AGE OF ISLAM(1st fourCaliphs: successors to the Prophet)

  9. EXPANSION OF ISLAM • ARAB-MUSLIM CONQUEST • Arab armies united by their belief in Islam • Muslim warriors who died in combat won a place in Paradise • Jihad • lure of riches (loot/booty) • tolerant conquerors • special non-believers tax • Commerce spread

  10. Islamic Sects (divisions) • Sunni Muslims • any devout male Muslim can be Caliph • high moral character • majority • Shi’ites (Shiah or Shia) • only descendents of Muhammad can be Caliph • 12th Imam will return on Judgement Day • only Imams can guide Muslims to salvation • minority (except Iran & Iraq) • Sufism: mystical Islam

  11. Islamic Art

  12. Mosques What is a muezzin? ____________________________ What is a minaret? ____________________________

  13. Islamic Customs and Laws • Follow strict dietary laws- • HALAL - name of Allah must be mentioned while animal is slaughtered – • Can’t eat pork • Can’t drink alcohol • No gambling • Can’t kill animals for sport • Strict punishments for crimes- In some strongly Muslim countries there’s little difference between religious laws and country laws. (i.e. Shari’ah) • 99 names for God/Allah: http://www.islamicity.com/Mosque/99names.htm • How to pray:http://muslim-canada.org/salaat.html

  14. Women in Islam • Men & women are spiritual equals • Hijab shows Muslim identity • recognize intelligence, not sexuality • seen as feminine • Surah 4:3: If you fear that you shall not be able to deal justly with the orphans, marry women of your choice, two or three or four; but if you fear that you shall not be able to deal justly, then marry only one. • Hadith: “seeking knowledge is mandatory for all Muslims”

  15. The Islamic (Arab) Empires • Umayyad Dynasty (661-750 CE) • Damascus is capital • emphasized Arab culture • Arabic main language • gov’t jobs went to Arabs • Abbasid Dynasty (750-1258 CE) • Baghdad (God given) is capital • more than 1 million ppl • Muslim more important than being Arab • built libraries, hospitals, irrigation, mosques, schools

  16. Golden Age of Islam(1st fourCaliphs: successors to the Prophet) • Abu-Bakr (632-634 CE) • Mu’s father-in-law • Ayesha • united all Arab tribes • Umar (634-644) • Ridda Wars • captured Baghdad & Jerusalem • most of Persia conquered • murdered by Persian slave • Uthman (644-656) • captured Egypt & N. Africa • assassinated by fellow Muslims • Ali (656-661) • Mu’s son-in-law (Fatima) • assassinated by own people

More Related