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Taking D2D Services to the Users with OpenURL, RSS, and OAI-PMH

Taking D2D Services to the Users with OpenURL, RSS, and OAI-PMH. Chuck Koscher Technology Director, CrossRef ckoscher@CrossRef.org. Everything is online – if it’s not online, it doesn’t exist Everything is interlinked – if it’s not linked it doesn’t exist

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Taking D2D Services to the Users with OpenURL, RSS, and OAI-PMH

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  1. Taking D2D Services to the Users with OpenURL, RSS, and OAI-PMH Chuck Koscher Technology Director, CrossRef ckoscher@CrossRef.org Discovery to Delivery: Solutions to Put Your Content Where the Users Are November 2-3, 2006

  2. Everything is online – if it’s not online, it doesn’t exist Everything is interlinked – if it’s not linked it doesn’t exist Breaking of barriers between academic and consumer behavior – user expectations are set by Google, eBay, etc. Journal brand strong but moving to article economy Economic models changing – Open Access Technical Reports and other grey lit are now findable Books going online Scholarly Publishing Trends “Find-ability precedes usability, you can not use what you can not find"STM-TMR 2006 Amanda Spiteri, Marketing Director Elsevier Discovery to Delivery: Solutions to Put Your Content Where the Users Are November 2-3, 2006

  3. … but there are billions of web pages Users must know the URL User might have brand affinity User must read their RSS feeds Content may be indexed by a search engine Getting noticed requires a store window One window: Your Web page Discovery to Delivery: Solutions to Put Your Content Where the Users Are November 2-3, 2006

  4. There are lots of windows …among others  Discovery to Delivery: Solutions to Put Your Content Where the Users Are November 2-3, 2006

  5. Metadata distribution via standardized methods is the bridge to these windows for your content Discovery to Delivery: Solutions to Put Your Content Where the Users Are November 2-3, 2006

  6. OpenURL OpenURL OpenURL OpenURL OpenURL OpenURL Context Object Context Object context reference context reference OpenURL referent reference Context Object referent reference Context Object Context Object referent reference Meta Data Meta Data Meta Data Meta Data Meta Data Meta Data Meta Data OpenURL is packaging • is a transport syntax (a box), a way to send • is an internal wrapper (box within a box) • Complexity stems from the number of ways you can accomplish the same task: send metadata to a service (a resolver) Discovery to Delivery: Solutions to Put Your Content Where the Users Are November 2-3, 2006

  7. OpenURL basic example http://www.crossref.org/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004 &rft_id=info:doi/10.1361/15477020418786&noredirect=true Discovery to Delivery: Solutions to Put Your Content Where the Users Are November 2-3, 2006

  8. OpenURL: In-Line context object example http://www.crossref.org/openurl? url_ver=Z39.88-2004 &url_tim=2004-01-09 &url_ctx_fmt=info:Aofi/fmt:Akev:Amtx:Actx &ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004 &ctx_enc=info:Aofi/enc:AUTF-8 &ctx_id=345871 &ctx_tim=2002-03-20T08:A55:A12Z &rft_val_fmt=info:Aofi/fmt:Akev:mtx:journal &rft.atitle=Isolation+of+a+common+receptor+for+coxsackie+B &rft.jtitle=Science &rft.aulast=Bergelson &rft.auinit=J &rft.date=1997 &rft.volume=275 &rft.spage=1320 &rft.epage=1323 &rfe_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal &rfe.atitle=p27-p16+Chimera:+A+Superior+Antiproliferative &rfe.jtitle=Molecular+Therapy&rfe.aulast=McArthur &rfe.aufirst=James&rfe.date=2001 &rfe.volume=3 &rfe.issue=1 &rfe.spage=8 &rfe.epage=13 &req_ref_fmt=http://lib.caltech.edu/fmt/ldap-mtx.html &req_ref=http://ldap.caltech.edu/janed/record.txt Discovery to Delivery: Solutions to Put Your Content Where the Users Are November 2-3, 2006

  9. http://www.crossref.org/openurl • NISO Z39.88-2004 OpenURL is a very comprehensive framework! • CrossRef implemented the San Antonio Profile #1 • The basic inline by value model might address a high percentage of actual needs • By consolidating metadata in one place (CrossRef), publishers have created an ideal circumstance for a single resolver to reach a large amount of content. • An OpenURL ‘solution’ is not embodied in a single place. It is a community of contributors using a common language. OpenURL is the Esperanto of linking. • No CrossRef account needed, available free to the public • Number of resolutions in 2006 => 608,756 Discovery to Delivery: Solutions to Put Your Content Where the Users Are November 2-3, 2006

  10. OAI-PMH is a set of commands used to pull metadata from a compliant repository Discovery to Delivery: Solutions to Put Your Content Where the Users Are November 2-3, 2006

  11. OAI-PMH sample responses - Identify Discovery to Delivery: Solutions to Put Your Content Where the Users Are November 2-3, 2006

  12. ListSets&resumptionToken=1160597811347!698!205002 OAI-PMH sample responses ListSets Discovery to Delivery: Solutions to Put Your Content Where the Users Are November 2-3, 2006

  13. OAI-PMH sample response verb=GetRecord&metadataPrefix=cr_unixml&identifier=info:doi/10.1002/jnr.490010101 Discovery to Delivery: Solutions to Put Your Content Where the Users Are November 2-3, 2006

  14. OAI-PMH sample response verb=ListIdentifiers&metadataPrefix=cr_unixml&set=10.1002:297:2004 Discovery to Delivery: Solutions to Put Your Content Where the Users Are November 2-3, 2006

  15. CrossRef’s OAI-PMH Mission • December 2005 CrossRef announced a Web Services initiative • Provide a central point for the distribution of metadata from 100s of publishers, for millions of identifiers • Utilize common/existing distribution protocols and technology • Targeted at consumers of mass quantities of metadata. • Active: MS Academic Live and Scirus (search engines) • Looking: EBSCO, Euopean Biomatics Institute, others… • Is not ‘open’ (e.g. it is not free), uses IP authentication for access control • Recipient identified by 2 IP address ranges • Content can be selectively mapped to a recipient (opt-in/opt-out) at the publisher or title level Discovery to Delivery: Solutions to Put Your Content Where the Users Are November 2-3, 2006

  16. RSS • CrossRef is not currently operating any RSS feeds (we have Blogs which are kinda sorta the same thing) • Members view RSS feeds as a way to reach out and touch end users and bring them to the member’s site • For end uses: • OpenURL is like plumbing (“Intel inside”), they really don’t care • OAI-PMH is a what? • RSS they’ve probably heard of (blogs) and may even know how to use • CrossRef members have recognized the need to establish guidelines on content composition by feed type. e.g. a TOC feed should be organized the same way from one publisher to the next in order to avoid end user confusion. (a NISO initiative?) Discovery to Delivery: Solutions to Put Your Content Where the Users Are November 2-3, 2006

  17. Discovery to Delivery: Solutions to Put Your Content Where the Users Are November 2-3, 2006

  18. RSS syndication • Of course RSS is used for syndication as well Example: Syndication feed —Google accepts RSS (Real Simple Syndication) 2.0 and Atom 0.3 feeds. Generally, you would use this format only if your site already has a syndication feed. Note that this method may not let Google know about all the URLs in your site, since the feed may only provide information on recent URLs. http://www.google.com/support/webmasters/bin/answer.py?answer=34656&ctx=sibling …Google uses the <link> field in your feed to gather URLs from your site and uses the modified date field (the <pubDate> field for RSS feeds and the <modified> date for Atom feeds) to learn when each URL was last modified … Make sure that the feed is located in the highest-level directory you want search engines to crawl Discovery to Delivery: Solutions to Put Your Content Where the Users Are November 2-3, 2006

  19. Conclusion • Bringing users to content requires metadata distribution • Be complete (article title, all authors, citations) • Be accurate (author=given-name + surname, not the entire byline) • Use a widely accepted (and expressive) format: NLM, DC, CrossRef • Position metadata for discovery • Aggregated distribution like CrossRef’s PMH service • Register as a PMH data provider (http://www.openarchives.org/data/registerasprovider.html) • Find syndication channels (syndication.iop.org, Feedzilla, MedicineNet) Discovery to Delivery: Solutions to Put Your Content Where the Users Are November 2-3, 2006

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