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The State of Computer Science in Schools and Future Workforce Projections

This session will discuss the challenges facing the computer science workforce and the projected job opportunities in the field. It will also explore approaches to address the underproduction and underrepresentation of computing specialists in K-12 education.

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The State of Computer Science in Schools and Future Workforce Projections

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  1. A National Crisis: The State of Computer Science and Information Technology in Schools and Future Workforce ProjectionsJoe Kmoch <joe@jkmoch.com>Milwaukee Public Schools

  2. Session Description • This session will explore the trends in the workforce for computing specialists as defined by the U.S. Department of Labor, and look at the pipeline to fill the nearly 1.5 million positions that will be coming available over the next six to eight years. Then we’ll look at approaches to deal with this problem along with resources available.

  3. Three Challenges • The computing community in the US faces three significant and interrelated challenges in maintaining a robust IT workforce • Underproduction • Underrepresentation • Lack of a presence in K-12 education (Jan Cuny, NSF CS10K Initiative)

  4. Overview

  5. Snapshot: U.S. Employment through 2020 Source: Jobs data are calculated from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), Employment Projections 2010-2020, available at http://www.bls.gov/emp/.

  6. Quick Facts about Computing Jobs Though 2020 Computing and mathematicsis one of the TOP 10 fastest growingmajor occupational groups 2010-2020. 150,000+job openings in computing annually. 1 in every 2 STEM jobs will be in computing in 2020. Sources: Jobs data are calculated from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), Employment Projections 2010-2020, available at http://www.bls.gov/emp/. Educational levels are calculated from BLS Occupational Projections Data, Employment 2010-2020, available at http://data.bls.gov/oep/ and the BLS Occupational Outlook Handbook 2010-2020, available at http://bls.gov/ooh/.

  7. U.S. Employment through 2020How Computing Stacks Up To Healthcare Growth Rates 22% job growth rate in computing jobs, as comparable to healthcare job growth rates 2010-2020. 51,000projected shortfall in qualified health IT workers 2011-2015. 90% of physicians to use electronic health records by 2019 as a result of the federal HITECH Act of 2009. * Healthcare practitioners and technicians Sources: Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), Employment Projections 2010-2020, available at http://www.bls.gov/emp/. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), HITECH Programs, http://www.healthit.gov. Congressional Budget Office, Analysis of HITECH Act of 2009.

  8. The Bright Future For Computing Jobs

  9. Total Employment in STEM in 2020Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics * Subtotals do not equal 9.2 million due to rounding. Source: Jobs data are calculated from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), Employment Projections 2010-2020, available at http://www.bls.gov/emp/. STEM is defined here to include non-medical occupations.

  10. Where the STEM Jobs Will BeProjected Annual Growth of STEM Job Openings 2010-2020 • * STEM is defined here to include non-medical occupations. • Source: Jobs data are calculated from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), Employment Projections 2010-2020, available at http://www.bls.gov/emp/.

  11. Where the STEM Jobs Will BeAnnual STEM Degrees (2009) and Annual STEM Job Openings (2010-2020) Sources: Degree data are calculated from the National Science Foundation (NSF), Science and Engineering Indicators 2012, available at http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/seind12/appendix.htm. Annual jobs data are calculated from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), Employment Projections 2010-2020, available at http://www.bls.gov/emp/. STEM is defined here to include non-medical degrees and occupations.

  12. Where the STEM Jobs Will BeTop 10 STEM Occupations by Total Employment in 2020 Source: Jobs data are calculated from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), Employment Projections 2010-2020, available at http://www.bls.gov/emp/. STEM is defined here to include non-medical occupations.

  13. By the Numbers: Future Workforce(2010-2020 projections) • Expected Growth in jobs is very high in CS/IT and Engineering • CS/IT (us dept of labor: 15-1100) • 2010 actual: 3,426,000 • 2020 projected: 4,184,700 • Engineers (us dept of labor: 17-2000) • 2010 actual: 1,519,000 • 2020 projected: 1,679,400

  14. By the Numbers: Future Workforce(2010-2020 projections) • CS/IT, +22%, 758,800 new jobs • Software Developers & Programmers, +25% • Computer System Analysts, +22% • Database Sys Admins & Network Arch, +28% • Computer Support Specialists, +18% • Security Analyst, Web Dev, CS Res, others, +15% • Engineers, +11%, 160,400 new jobs • http://www.bls.gov/emp/tables.htm

  15. By the Numbers: Future Workforce(2010-2020 projections) • CS/IT, 1366.2 (758.8 growth + 607.4 repl) • Software Dev & Prog, 493.9 (314.6 gr + 179.3 repl) • Computer System Analysts, 222.5 (120.4 gr + 104.1 repl) • DB Sys Admins & Network Arch, 207.9 (130.6 gr + 77.3 repl) • Comp Support Specialists, 269.5 (110.0 gr + 159.5 repl) • Security Analyst, Web Dev, CS Res, others, 172.5 (83.3 gr + 89.2 repl) • Engineers, 526.0 (160.4 growth, 365.6 repl.)

  16. Earnings Potential in Computing

  17. Where the U.S. Jobs Will BeTop 10 Major Occupational Groups 2010-2020 and Average Salaries in May 2011 Sources: Jobs data are from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), Employment Projections 2010-2020, available at http://www.bls.gov/emp/. Salary data are from BLS Occupational Employment Statistics, May 2011, available at http://www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes_nat.htm.

  18. Where the STEM Jobs Will BeProjected Growth of Selected STEM Jobs 2010-2020 Sources: Jobs data are from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), Employment Projections 2010-2020, available at http://www.bls.gov/emp/. Salary data are from BLS Occupational Employment Statistics, May 2011, available at http://www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes_nat.htm. STEM is defined here to include non-medical occupations.

  19. Pipeline of Talent in Computing

  20. Higher Education Pipeline in Computing Source: National Science Foundation, Science and Engineering Indicators 2012 and various years, available at http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/seind12/. Data are not available from 1999.

  21. Higher Education Pipeline in ComputingCRA Taulbee Survey Results Source: Computing Research Association, Taulbee Survey 2010-2011, available at http://www.cra.org/resources/taulbee/ (providing voluntary responses from Ph.D.-granting universities on new enrollments and degrees awarded in their undergraduate CS/CE programs.

  22. High School Advanced PlacementExams 2011 Source: College Board, Advanced Placement (AP) Exam Data 2011, available at http://professionals.collegeboard.com/data-reports-research/ap/data. Calculus represents the combined data of Calculus AB and BC. Physics represents the combined data of Physics B, C:Electricity and Magnetism, and C:Mechanics. Computer Science represents combined data of Computer Science A and B. Computer Science

  23. High School Advanced PlacementExams 1997-2011 Source: College Board, Advanced Placement (AP) Exam Data 2011, available at http://professionals.collegeboard.com/data-reports-research/ap/data. Calculus represents the combined data of Calculus AB and BC. Physics represents the combined data of Physics B, C:Electricity and Magnetism, and C:Mechanics. Computer Science represents combined data of Computer Science A and B.

  24. High School Advanced Placement Exams 2011 Female Male Computer Science Source: College Board, Advanced Placement (AP) Exam Data 2011, available at http://professionals.collegeboard.com/data-reports-research/ap/data. Calculus represents the combined data of Calculus AB and BC. Physics represents the combined data of Physics B, C:Electricity and Magnetism, and C:Mechanics. Computer Science represents combined data of Computer Science A and B.

  25. Conclusion

  26. Conclusion • K-12 computer science education will open more economic opportunities than any other subject for the 21st Century. • The future is bright for students entering in this field or gaining this critical knowledge to apply to almost any field of employment. • Jobs in computing are among the fastest growing of any profession and pay higher wages. • Despite these opportunities, significant barriers exist to exposing students to computer science in K-12 and keeping them in the computing education pipeline • We need to address the key issues: • Clarify the role and place for K-12 computer science education • Lift state standards and make courses “count” • Support computer science teachers • Address diversity issues • We need to put computer science within the core of a student’s education

  27. That’s nice data, but so what? *Slide is from Ed Lazowska The instructional practices and assessments discussed or shown are not an endorsement by ACM or the U.S. Department of Education.

  28. How did we get to where we’re at in K-12? Perceptions of CS/IT job market Perceptions of the kind of jobs these are Budget cutting CS/IT courses deemed expendable, not required, not mainstream Results of schools reacting to NCLB

  29. How did we get to this situation in K-12? • Lack of courses • Lack of trained and interested teachers • Lack of professional development opportunities • Cost of teacher certification • Need for development of a national curriculum similar to PLTW (including courses, prof development, marketing) • focused more around computer science and computational thinking

  30. What can we do? • Get Involved... Advocate for CS & IT

  31. But how??? Learn about advocacy and advising materials Use them in your classroom with students Talk with parents Talk with your principal and district administrators Talk with current students Visit middle school students Develop workshops for pre-high school students

  32. Computing is the new literacy ...the ability to make digital technology do whatever, within the possibly on wants it to do – to bend digital technology to one’s needs, purposes and will, just as in the present we bend words and images --Marc Prensky, Edutopia, 1/13/2008 We want and need kids to be creators not just consumers of technology

  33. Advocacy Small Group Activity Here’s a poster about computing careers and a Guide for Policy Makers Pick one of them and get into small groups If you have a poster, design a classroom lesson around the poster for appropriate age level (high school) If you have the policy brochure, plan an advocacy event for a parents’ council or a school board meeting based on the brochure

  34. CSTA Both of these are from the CSTA. This is a group you should join (it’s free for individuals) They have great resources available

  35. “Imagine Your Future...” brochure activity • Read the brochure Imagine Your Future in Computing • In small groups, think about • how you could use this in your school • creating an activity in your classroom • We’ll share ideas in about 10 min

  36. CSTA Chapters In order to build a network of computer science teachers locally, you and your local friends should consider joining or starting one. Here’s some information for you

  37. CS Ed Week Starting in 2010, Computer Science Education Week will always be held during the week containing December 9 This is the week of Grace Hopper’s birthday (December 9, 1906) to recognize the critical role of computing in today’s society and the imperative to bolster computer science education at all levels.  http://csedweek.org

  38. NCWIT National Center for Women and Information Technology K-12 Alliance produces many materials Award for Aspirations in Computing Counselor materials <ncwit.org/c4c> Many other readable resources about computing, girls in computing, what courses should I be taking, best practices

  39. NCWIT C4C materials • Pathway Resources (handouts) • University, Two-year College, Military • Poster • Counselor Talking Points • Computing Education and Future Jobs: national, state and congressional district data <http://www.ncwit.org/edjobsmap> • Webinar, info sheet, upcoming slideshow

  40. Computing in the Core Advocating for K-12 Computer Science Education Coalition of associations, corporations, scientific societies and other non-profits Advocate to elevate cs education to a core academic subject in K-12 education ACM, CSTA, Google, IEEE Microsoft, NCWIT, College Board, NCTM, NSTA, Oracle, SAS <http://www.computinginthecore.org>

  41. Questions? Thank you Joe Kmoch joe@jkmoch.com http://expandingcswisconsin.pbworks.com

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