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MLA

MLA. This tutorial covers:. 1. General document formatting 2. Avoiding plagiarism: Citing sources - using quotes and paraphrases - identifying sources - integrating sources into your paper Documenting sources on a Works Cited page. What is MLA?.

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MLA

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  1. MLA

  2. This tutorial covers: 1. General document formatting 2. Avoiding plagiarism: Citing sources - using quotes and paraphrases - identifying sources - integrating sources into your paper Documenting sources on a Works Cited page Writing Center - Yakima Valley Community College

  3. What is MLA? MLA (Modern Language Association) style formatting is often used in various humanities disciplines. MLA provides standards for: - General document formatting • Avoiding plagiarism by citing and documenting • sources Writing Center - Yakima Valley Community College

  4. Format: General Guidelines • Type on white 8.5“ x 11“ paper • Double-space everything • Use 12 pt. Times New Roman font (or similar font) • Leave only one space after punctuation • Set all margins to 1 inch on all sides • Indent the first line of paragraphs one half-inch

  5. Formatting the 1st Page • No title page • Double space everything • In the upper left corner of the 1st page, list your name, your instructor's name, the course, and date • Center the paper title (use standard caps but no underlining, italics, quote, or bold) • Create a header in the upper right corner at half inch from the top and one inch from the right of the page (include your last name and page number)

  6. Sample 1st Page The Writing Center - Yakima Valley Community College

  7. Why use MLA? Reason #2: Avoiding plagiarism The guidelines for citing and documenting sources help you to avoid plagiarism. Writing Center - Yakima Valley Community College

  8. 2. Avoiding Plagiarism Plagiarism can happen whenever you use words, information, or ideas from a source. Sources can include books, articles, web pages, interviews, films, advertisements, etc. Oh yeah! This is good stuff for my paper. Writing Center - Yakima Valley Community College

  9. 2. Avoiding plagiarism Avoid plagiarism by identifying your sources. Identify your sources by citing and documenting them. Do this in two places: A) Cite your sources in the text of your paper B) Document your sources on a Works Cited page Writing Center - Yakima Valley Community College

  10. A) Citing sources in the text of your paper Identify sources in the text of your paper by: - using quotes and paraphrases - adding author name and page number Writing Center - Yakima Valley Community College

  11. A) Citing sources in the text of your paper - Using quotes & paraphrases: a quick review Quotes use the exact words found in a source. “tighter gun control in the United States erodes Second Amendment rights” Quotations marks show where the exact words begin and end. Writing Center - Yakima Valley Community College

  12. A) Citing sources in the text of your paper - Using quotes & paraphrases: a quick review Paraphrases tell your readers what the source said, but in your own words. stricter gun control laws would affect our constitutional rights Quotations marks are not needed. Writing Center - Yakima Valley Community College

  13. Are quotes and paraphrases enough? No!Quotes and paraphrases alone are not enough. “Tighter gun control in the United States erodes Second Amendment rights.” Stricter gun control laws weaken our constitutional rights guaranteed in the Second Amendment. The quote is plagiarism because the source is not identified. The paraphrase is also plagiarism because the source is not identified. (The words were changed, but the idea came from a source) Click! Click! Writing Center - Yakima Valley Community College

  14. A) Citing sources in the text of your paper Quotes and paraphrases alone aren’t enough to avoid plagiarism. Identify sources in the text of your paper by: • Using quotes and paraphrases - Adding author nameand page number. *** When an author’s name is not provided, use the title of the article, book or website and the page number Writing Center - Yakima Valley Community College

  15. You have two options for adding author name and page number: Option 1 Option 2 Author name in front of the quote; page number in back. Author name and page number all in back. Earp points out that “tighter gun control in the United States erodes Second Amendment rights” (25). Opponents agree that “tighter gun control in the United States erodes Second Amendment rights” (Earp 25). Note: The citation is in parentheses and the end punctuation follows!!!!! Writing Center - Yakima Valley Community College

  16. The same two options apply to paraphrases: Option 1 Option 2 Click! Earp argues that stricter gun control laws would affect our constitutional rights (25). Opponents argue that “stricter gun control laws would affect our constitutional rights” (Earp 25). Writing Center - Yakima Valley Community College

  17. Option 1: Using signal phrases to smoothly integrate sources into your paper Writing Center - Yakima Valley Community College

  18. Activity: A) Citing sources in the text of your paper Select two of the sources on the next slide and cite the source: • 1) Quote or paraphrase the words. • 2) Identify the source by adding author name(s), and page number. • Use Option 1 (name in front, page in back). 3) Write down your result. Writing Center - Yakima Valley Community College

  19. Activity: Option 1 My window is a grave, and all that lies within it’s dead. William Gass Page 213 Tattoos and piercings can be seen as bodily aids in the inner struggle toward identity. Andres Martin Page 79 The secret of getting ahead is getting started. Mark Twain Page 141 We have an oversimplified perspective of why children develop as they do. Elissa Allen Page 8 I’m not a very good writer, but I’m an excellent rewriter. James Michener Page 25 The lack of success of recent initiatives suggests that medication might not be the answer for the escalating problem. Luisa Mirano Page 3 Writing Center - Yakima Valley Community College

  20. 2. Avoiding plagiarism Avoid plagiarism by identifying your sources. Identify your sources by citing and documenting them. Do this in two places: • A) Cite your sources in the text of your paper B) Document your sources on a Works Cited page You’ve seen how to do A) So now, let’s do B) Writing Center - Yakima Valley Community College

  21. B) Documenting sources on a Works Cited page What is a Works Cited page? It’s a bibliography of all the sources you used in your paper. It includes author names, dates, titles, book titles, names of journals or magazines, names of publishers, page numbers, etc. Its entries are alphabetized by author’s last name and formatted using hanging indentation. It’s the last page of your paper, and it stands alone as its own page.

  22. Works Cited Page Entries Type of source Works Cited Entry In text Citation Book with one author Burke, Kenneth. Language as Symbolic Action: Essays on Life, Literature, and Method. Berkeley: U of California P, 1966. Print. (Burke, 32). Article with several authors Smith, Albert, Kim Yang and Brain Moore “Guns are for Soldiers, Not Civilians: Time 20 Nov. 2000: 70-71. Print. (Smith, Yang, and Moore 76). “The Impact of Global Warming in North America.” Global Warming: Early Signs. 1999. Web. 23 Mar. 2009. Article with no known author (“Impact of Global Warming” 6). Visit the following page: MLA basics: https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/747/05/ Everything you need to know about documentation and citation can be found here depending on the type of source you use.

  23. 2. Avoiding plagiarism Now you’ve seen it all, right? You’ve seen how to avoid plagiarism by identifying your sources in two places: • A) Cite your sources in the text of your paper • B) Document your sources on a References page You’ve tried A) Now, try B) Writing Center - Yakima Valley Community College

  24. Activity: B) Documenting sources on a Works Cited page Let’s say you’re using this book in your paper. Here’s all the info you need to create a Works Cited page entry. Your task is to make this info match the model below. Write down your result. Source type: Book William Gass 1977 In the Heart of the Country New York Pocket Books Model #6: Basic format for a book with one author. Burke, Kenneth. Language as Symbolic Action: Essays on Life, Literature, and Method. Berkeley, CA: U of California P, 1966. Print. Click! Writing Center - Yakima Valley Community College

  25. Activity: B) Documenting sources on a References page Let’s say you’re also using this article from an online periodical in your paper. Here’s all the info you need to create a Works Cited Page entry. Your task, again, is to make this info match the model below. Write down your result. Article from an online periodical Andres Martin Teenagers and Tattoos Journal of the AACAP 2010 Issue 45, Pages 101 - 133 http://aacap.org Model #48: Article from an online periodical (with one author). Bagchi, Alaknanda. "Conflicting Nationalisms: The Voice of the Subaltern in MahaswetaDevi's BashaiTudu." Tulsa Studies in Women's Literature15.1 (1996): 41-50.www.nationalisminthenews.org. Click! Writing Center - Yakima Valley Community College

  26. MLA-- how it all works Use a source 2. Cite the source 3. Document the source Earp’s book My paper Works Cited Page Wyatt Earp Frontier Justice Tighter gun control in the United States erodes Second Amendment rights. 25 Earp points out that “tighter gun control in the United States erodes Second Amendment rights” (25). Works Cited Earp, W. “Frontier Justice: your rights, your gun.” Tombstone Law Journal40.4, (2008): 10 – 52. Print. Writing Center - Yakima Valley Community College

  27. Match-Up Game: Match each in-text citation to the correct References entry. A Niven states, “violent video games greatly contribute to a cultural devaluation of life” (23). B Proponents of the death penalty cite the effectiveness of this method in discouraging repeat offenses (Eastwood 10). C According to Connell, “depictions of wafer-thin celebs in the media distort the self-perceptions of many women” (Allen 17). 1 Allen, N. Model Media. Chicago, IL: 2003. Print. 2 Eastwood, C. “The death penalty in a humanitarian world.” Journal of Law and Justice, 22.1(2007) 8-26. Print 3 Niven, D. (2009). “Licensed to kill?” Journal of SPECTRE,35.1(2009) 15-32. Print The Writing Center - Yakima Valley Community College

  28. REVIEW: MLA & Avoiding Plagiarism Identify your sources by citing and documenting them: A) Cite your sources in the text of your paper B) Document your sources on a References page Whenever you use words, information, or ideas from a source…. …you must identify the source. Oh yeah! This is good stuff for my paper. Writing Center - Yakima Valley Community College

  29. To Know for Quiz • Formatting your paper. • What is plagiarism? • Difference between paraphrase and quoting. • Two types of internal citations • Formatting a Works Cited page • Know what is included in a Works Cited entry: author, title, publication city, year of publication and type of media.

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