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Practices for stimulation of injectors Injection efficiency requirements

Injection Performance Enhancement. Discussion Topics. Practices for stimulation of injectors Injection efficiency requirements Understanding and control of pertinent well issues Identify available novel technologies. Injection Performance Enhancement. Injector Stimulation Applications

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Practices for stimulation of injectors Injection efficiency requirements

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  1. Injection Performance Enhancement Discussion Topics Practices for stimulation of injectors Injection efficiency requirements Understanding and control of pertinent well issues Identify available novel technologies

  2. Injection Performance Enhancement Injector Stimulation Applications • Oil and Gas Production and Storage Operation • Waterflooding, WAG and Hydrology • PW and Chemical Waste Disposal • Geothermal Energy and Mineral Extraction • EOR and Chemicals Injection

  3. Injection Performance Enhancement Trends and Techniques • Emerging World Wide problem • Mostly waterflooding and disposal projects • PWRI for waterfloods is increasing • Equal emphasis on Chem. and Mech. Stim. • Chemical treatment of water is wide-spread • Batch treatments are marginally economical • Continuous treatment (Chemical) working • Thermal Fracturing opportunities utilized

  4. Injection Performance Enhancement Types of Treatment: • Fracturing to connect well to Natural Fracture System • Acidization to improve near well permeability • Fracture acidizing to create flow channels • Chemical jobs to remove sludges and damage • Chemical Water Treatment to improve injector life • Thermal Fracturing to reduce injection pressure

  5. Injection Performance Enhancement Injection Scenarios • Injection into Matrix • what are fltration / quality requirements? • how fast does injectivity decline again? • chances for long term mitigation? • Injection into Natural Fractures • establish well connection • slow rate decrease • possible plug up • Injection into Induced Fracture • continuous stimulation (water treatment?) • no water treatment, wedge fractures • infrequent clean up - how often

  6. Injection Performance Enhancement Applicable Technologies • Mechanical Stimulation (Damage Removal) • Improved Well/Reservoir Connection Acids , Erosions, Oriented initiation, Propellant, ROPE Break Down • Thermal Fracturing (Cold Regions) • Self Propagating (5-20 psi / oF) • Propped Fractures • Plugging and indentation • Wedged Fractures (Proppant Banking) • WAG or Foam Applications

  7. Injection Performance Enhancement • Chemical Stimulation • Continuous Acidizing, natural pH fluids • Complex Chemical Treatment of Sludges • Dynamic, High/Energy Propellant Fracturing • Foamed Acids • Gelled and chelated acids • WISPER Acid Fracturing • Less Environmental Concerns (no flow back)

  8. Injection Performance Enhancement Reported Injectivity Improvements • Acidizing 15% to 140% (foamed, gelled, encapsulated) • Chemical Treatment 20% to 125% (base, surfactants and de-emulsifiers) • Hydraulic Fracturing 25% to 300% (propped, staged, dynamic) • Near Well Mechanical Stimulation 10% to 50% (perforating, slugging)

  9. Injection Performance Enhancement • Wedged (Gap) Fracture • High concentration slurry • clear fluid tail-end • Over-displace to wedge fracture open

  10. Injection Performance Enhancement ROPE Treatment Old Well New Well High Pressure in Tubulars (>+1500 psi) Gas Gas Liquid Liquid Liquid may be acid, resins, Chemical or fracture fluid Disc Perf Gun

  11. Pressure Temperature Normal Operations Pressure Temperature Initial Operations Injection Performance Enhancement Open Hole Thermal Treatment

  12. Openhole Injection Performance Enhancement Open Hole Selective Isolation Faults ECP Liner / Tubing Cement

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