Properties of Matter

1. Properties of Matter Andrew Jackson Leeds Middle School

2. Lesson 1 –Our Ideas About Matter You will perform a circuit of eight inquiries to observe how matter behaves. The inquiries involve the following: different states of matter, changes of state, mass and volume, floating and sinking, thermal expansion, mixtures, solubility and insolubility, and chemical reactions.

3. Lesson 1 – Conclusion • Matter - the physical material that has mass and occupies space. • 1.1 - Temperature change affects the volume of air. • 1.2 - The shape of the object does not affect its volume or mass. • 1.3 - Air is a gas. • 1.4 – Pure substance or mixture? • 1.5 - Some matter is soluble in water. • 1.6 - Some liquids do not mix (immiscible) • 1.7 - Buoyancy • 1.8 - Air and gases are forms of matter even though they are invisible.

4. Lesson 1 – (1-3) Vocabulary 1. matter - the physical material that has mass and occupies space 2. expansion - the increase in the volume of matter that occurs when matter is heated. 3. contraction - decrease in volume of matter when matter is cooled 4. immiscible - liquids that are unable to dissolve in one another. 5. miscible - liquids are able to dissolve in one another.

5. Lesson 1 - (2-3) Vocabulary 6. density - the mass of a known volume of a substance; measured in g/cm3 7. mass - the amount of matter in an object; measured in g or kg. 8. volume - the amount of space occupied matter; measured in L, mL, cm3, or m3.

6. Lesson 2 – Determining Density • You will use mass and volume measurements to calculate the densities of water, regular shaped objects, and irregular shaped objects.

7. Lesson 2.1 – Question • Does changing the volume of water change the density of water? Does changing the volume of water change the density of water?

8. HYPOTHESIS

9. Lesson 2.1 Procedure

10. Results 2.1 Calculating Mass

11. Lesson 2.1 - Conclusion • Density is calculated by dividing the mass by the volume; measured in grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm3). • Volume is the amount of space taken up by an object; measured in mL or cm3. (space) • Changing the amount of a substance does not change the density of the substance. • Density is a characteristic property of matter. • Characteristic property - property that is independent of mass, volume, and shape….

12. Lesson 2.2 – Question • Do the substances making up different regular-shaped objects have the same density?

13. HYPOTHESIS

14. Lesson 2.2 – Procedure

15. Results 2.2 Comparing the Densities of Different Substances

16. Lesson 2.2 Conclusion • The shape of an object does not change the density of the substance of which it is composed. • The volume of a regular shaped object is found by measuring l x w x h; measured in cm3(one mL = one cm3) • The mass of a regular-shaped object is found by using an electronic balance; measured in grams. • Density is a characteristic property of matter; measured in g/cm3. • Characteristic property - property that is independent of mass, volume, and shape….

17. Lesson 2.3 – Question • Do the substances making up different irregular-shaped objects have the same density?

18. HYPOTHESIS

19. Lesson 2.3 – Procedure

20. 2.3 Results Comparing the Densities of Different Substances

21. Lesson 2.3 - Conclusion • Different irregular-shaped objects made of the same material will have the same density (characteristic property). Different materials have different densities.

22. Lesson 2 - (1-2) Vocabulary 9. gram - a metric unit used to measure mass 10. milliliter – unit used to measure volume 11. cm3 – unit used to measure volume 12. g/cm3 – unit of measure of density 13. water displacement – method used to find the volume of irregular-shaped objects

23. Lesson 2 - (2-2) Vocabulary • l x w x h - a method used to find the volume of a regular-shaped object • 1.0 g/cm3 – the density of water 16. characteristic property - an attribute that can be used to help identify a substance; not affected by the mass, volume, or shape of a substance; refers to substances, not objects…..

24. Lesson 3 – Density Predictions You will predict whether the blocks you investigated in Inq. 2.2 and 2.3 will float or sink. After finding the density of three liquids, you will predict the order in which the liquids will layer when you build a density column. You will calculate and predict whether objects will float or sink in the density column.

25. Lesson 3.0 - Question How can you determine if an object will float or sink when placed in water?

26. HYPOTHESIS

27. Lesson 3.0 - Procedure

28. RESULTS

29. L3.0 Results of Floating & Sinking Observations

30. Lesson 3.0 - Conclusion • Solids have density. • Density can be used to predict whether an object will float or sink. • An object floats when its’ density is less than that of the liquid in which it is placed. • An object sinks when its density is more than that of the liquid in which it is placed………..

31. Lesson 3.1 - Question How can you determine if an object will float or sink when placed in water?

32. HYPOTHESIS

33. Lesson 3.1 - Procedure

34. Results L3.1 Calculating Density

35. Lesson 3.1 - Conclusion • Liquids and solids have density. • An object or substance floats when its density is less than that of the liquid in which it is placed. • An object or substance sinks when its density is more than that of the liquid in which it is placed. • Some liquids are immiscible (insoluble in one another.)………

36. Lesson 3 - Vocabulary 17. solid – a state or phase of matter in which a substance had definite shape and volume 18. liquid - a state or phase of matter in which a substance has a definite volume but no definite shape; takes shape of the container it occupies. 19. floating - matter is less dense than substance it is in 20. sinking - matter is more dense than substance it is in…………..

37. Lesson 4 – Do Gases Have Density You will determine the mass, volume, and density of a bottle of air.

38. Lesson 4 - Question Do gases (air) have density?

39. HYPOTHESIS

40. Lesson 4 - Procedure

41. L4 Finding the Density of AirResults

42. Lesson 4 – Conclusion Gases have mass, volume, and density. Air is less dense than liquids and solids……………

43. Lesson 4 - Vocabulary 21. vacuum - space without matter. 22. gas - a state or phase of matter in which a substance has no definite shape or volume……………

44. Lesson 5 – Temperature & Density You will observe the effect of heat on a bimetal strip. You will investigate how temperature affects the volume of matter by using a glass tube in a rubber stopper placed in a test tube filled with water.

45. Lesson 5 – Question What is the relationship between temperature, heat, and density?

46. HYPOTHESIS

47. Lesson 5 - Procedure

48. RESULTS

49. Lesson 5 - Conclusion • Heat is a form of energy that can move from a hot place to a cooler place (measured in joules). • Temperature is a measure of kinetic energy of particles of matter (measured by a thermometer in degrees Celsius). • Density changes with temperature: • As temperature increases, density will decrease and volume will increase (mass stays the same). • expansion • As temperature decreases, density will increase and volume will decrease (mass stays the same). • contraction • Gas or liquid-filled thermometers work as the result of expansion or contraction………….

50. Lesson 5 – (1-3) Vocabulary 23. heat - a form of energy that can move from a hot place to a cooler place; the transfer of energy from one body to another. 24. temperature - a measure of the kinetic energy of the particles that make up matter; the measurement of how hot something is. 25. Celsius - a temperature scale with the melting point of ice at 0 degrees and the boiling point of water at 100 degrees.