1 / 11

Carboxylic Acids - Reactions

Carboxylic Acids - Reactions. Acid-base reactions :. ion. LDF. H-bonding. + NaOH. Na +. + H 2 O. octanoic acid. sodium octanoate + water. soluble. insoluble in H 2 O. dipole. Reactions. Reduction :. LiAlH 4. 5. 4. 6. 3. 1. 2. 5-oxo. hexanoic acid. hexanediol. 1,5-.

gcrowe
Télécharger la présentation

Carboxylic Acids - Reactions

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Carboxylic Acids - Reactions Acid-base reactions: ion LDF H-bonding + NaOH Na+ + H2O octanoic acid sodium octanoate + water soluble insoluble in H2O dipole

  2. Reactions Reduction: LiAlH4 5 4 6 3 1 2 5-oxo hexanoic acid hexanediol 1,5- H2/ Pt NaBH4 5-hydroxy hexanoic acid

  3. Reactions nucleophilic substitution H+ + + H2O carboxylic acid ester alcohol condensation reaction reverse = hydrolysis H+ + carboxylic acid alcohol ester + H2O

  4. Esters from alcohol from acid name = alkyl group from alcohol (yl) acid name changed to “oate” methyl butanoate apple pentyl butanoate peaches

  5. Esters H-bond acceptors O O no H-bond donor dipole-dipole interactions water soluble low b.p.

  6. Carboxylic acids nucleophilic substitution .. activator + + H2O carboxylic acid amide amine condensation reaction carboxylic acid amide + amine + H2O hydrolysis reaction amide + H2O carboxylic acid + amine

  7. Amines organic analogs of ammonia ammonia 1o amine 2o amine 3o amine N- all have H-bond acceptor H+ 1o and 2o have H-bond donor high b.p. electronegativity O N > liquid at room T gas at room T

  8. Amines nomenclature 1. Name and alphabetize R groups and add “amine” 1o methylamine ethyl methyl amine 2o ethyl dimethyl amine 3o low b.p.

  9. Amines weak bases + H2O + OH- [R-NH3+] [OH-] smaller Kb weaker base Kb = [R-NH2]

  10. Amines nucleophilic substitution activator +H2O +H2O no reaction + amide 3o amine carboxylic acid 1o amine 2o amine amide Condensation reaction

  11. Amides very high b.p. and C-N double bond character C-O no rotation about C-O or C-N bonds molecule is flat and rigid structure of proteins

More Related