1 / 57

Neuropsychologie des motions et de la motivation

Plan. DfinitionsEmotion et latralisationMise en place anatomiqueLe noyau amygdalien et la ractivit motionnelleLe striato-pallidum limbique et la rgulation de l'action motiveLe cortex orbito-frontal et son rle dans les comportements sociaux. . I/ Noyau amygdalien entre exprience et exp

geoff
Télécharger la présentation

Neuropsychologie des motions et de la motivation

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

    2. Plan Dfinitions Emotion et latralisation Mise en place anatomique Le noyau amygdalien et la ractivit motionnelle Le striato-pallidum limbique et la rgulation de laction motive Le cortex orbito-frontal et son rle dans les comportements sociaux

    3. I/ Noyau amygdalien entre exprience et expression motionnelles

    4. Noyau amyygdalien : rle physiologique Mishkin : rencontre des souvenirs et du dsir Weiskrantz : association entre stimulus et renforcement LeDoux : systme de conditionnement affectif (modle de la peur) Rolls : filtre sensoriel transmettant un message activateur selon la signification affective du stimulus

    5. Noyau amygdalien : connexions affrentes

    11. Noyau amygdalien: lsions en pathologie humaine Terzian y Dalle Ore (1955) : syndrome de Klver-Bucy Scoville et Milner (1957) : cas HM Lsions amygdaliennes bilatrales : perte de la reconnaissance des expressions faciales (peur) Perte de RED aprs conditionnement associatif bruit/couleur (Bechara 1995). Le syndrome de Klver Bucy en tant que dconnexion visuo-limbique

    14. Hypomotionalit visuelle Bien que capable dexpriences motionnelles normales sur entre auditive, la vue de paysages, de tableaux, de parterres de fleurs nvoquait plus aucune motion Alors quelle avait coutume de contempler longuement ses roses, les paysages, chaque jour, elle en tait arrive, pour compenser ce dficit, crire des pomes et caresser ses roses tous les matins, utilisant ainsi des canaux sensoriels intacts .

    23. II/ Striato-pallidum ventral interface entre motion et action

    26. Syndrome athymhormique : neuropsychologie de la motivation humaine

    27. Syndrome athymhormique : les deux principales localisations

    28. Syndrome athymhormique : descriptions initiales : lsions bi-pallidales (Laplane, 1981, Ali-Chrif, 1984)

    32. Parallle entre les boucles fronto-sous-corticales limbique et motrice (daprs Nauta)

    33. Syndrome athymhormique : lsions bilatrales asymtriques

    34. Figure 4 : A case of severe athymhormia due to bilateral medial thalamic lesions. Anatomical findings on MRI scan (right). HMPAO-single photon emission showing, at the initial stage, luxury perfusion of the infarcted areas (1), with hypoperfusion of caudate (2) and medial frontal cortex (3). With permission from Engelborghs et al.[63].Figure 4 : A case of severe athymhormia due to bilateral medial thalamic lesions. Anatomical findings on MRI scan (right). HMPAO-single photon emission showing, at the initial stage, luxury perfusion of the infarcted areas (1), with hypoperfusion of caudate (2) and medial frontal cortex (3). With permission from Engelborghs et al.[63].

    35. Figure 5. The limbic loop : an interface between emotion and action. At the emotional level (top part of the figure), the stimulus reinforcement association, which takes place in the amygdala, continuously reformulated and evaluated by the orbito-frontal cortex, determines goal-directed behaviors (bottom of the figure) by informing the ventral striatum (including accumbens), which drives the rest of the system by a mechanism best represented by interlinked gears. The dopaminergic afferents would play the role of fueling the system.Figure 5. The limbic loop : an interface between emotion and action. At the emotional level (top part of the figure), the stimulus reinforcement association, which takes place in the amygdala, continuously reformulated and evaluated by the orbito-frontal cortex, determines goal-directed behaviors (bottom of the figure) by informing the ventral striatum (including accumbens), which drives the rest of the system by a mechanism best represented by interlinked gears. The dopaminergic afferents would play the role of fueling the system.

    36. III/ Cortex orbito frontal : prise de dcision, adaptation sociale et jugement moral

    43. Mise lpreuve de la thorie des marqueurs somatiques : le test du jeu de poker

    46. Perte du sens moral : une forme inhabituelle de dysfonction orbito-frontale EVR garde des capacits intactes de jugement moral Dilemmes moraux de Kohlberg Niveaux de dveloppement en 6 stades : 1&2 : prconventionnel 3&4 : conventionnel 4&6 ; post-conventionnel Typiquement altrs lors de lsions prfrontales prcoces

    53. patient D.B.: reconstitution des lsions anatomiques

More Related