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Nutrients

Nutrients. Nutrients Topic 3040 Ashlee Gibson. Topic 3040 Ashlee Gibson. http://www.hinztechnologies.com/Images/hay.jpg. Objectives. To identify the different parts of a feed ration To understand how nutrient aids in animal growth and development. What is a nutrient?.

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Nutrients

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  1. Nutrients Nutrients Topic 3040 Ashlee Gibson Topic 3040 Ashlee Gibson http://www.hinztechnologies.com/Images/hay.jpg

  2. Objectives • To identify the different parts of a feed ration • To understand how nutrient aids in animal growth and development

  3. What is a nutrient? • A substance that is necessary for an organism to live and grow • Nutritional requirements depend on: • Age • Stage of development • Environmental conditions • Activity • Genetic make-up

  4. What is the most important nutrient? • Water • Function • Temperature regulation • Chemical reactions • Transport • Gives body form

  5. Water Consumption in ONE day

  6. Carbohydrates • Compound composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. Examples include starches and sugars. • Energy from the breaking of bonds • They form about 75% of all dry matter in plants. • They are the CHIEF SOURCE OF ENERGY in animal feed.

  7. Types of Carbohydrates • Starches • Grain, root crops, other plant materials • Sugars • Simple sugars (monosaccharides) • Double sugars (disaccharides) • Milk and fruit • Fiber • Plant cell walls and cellulose • Fermented by bacteria in foregut of ruminant and hind gut fermentors (require in their diet)

  8. Lipids (Fats) • Aids in the absorption of vitamin A (and other fat soluble vitamins) from food and especially of carotene. • Helps in the absorption of calcium. • Increases the palatability of a ration. • Increases the production energy of the ration. • Is found as a component in every cell in the body. • 2.25 times more energy than carbohydrates

  9. More energy in fats so why not feed more fat than carbohydrates? • Not enough protein uptake • Young animals will not reach maximum growth • Destroy certain fat soluble vitamins. • Produce soft lard in hogs.

  10. Protein Protein needed for • Cell construction • Muscle formation and maintenance • Fetal Growth • Extra protein is broken down for body energy Made Up of Amino Acids Protein is EXPENSIVE

  11. Amino Acids Amino acid requirements of animals depends on: • The kind of animal. • Body functions of the animal: • age • work • lactation • fetal growth

  12. Protein When feeding protein • The amount of protein. • The quality of protein. • The compliment of amino acids in proteins www.asasoya.org/Images/collage4.jpg

  13. Ruminants vs Non-RuninantsProtein Ruminants can make essential amino acids • Done by rumen bacteria • from simple forms of nitrogen Urea • Only used for Ruminants • Protein substitute • Source of nitrogen of rumen organisms to produce bacteria • Used only in small amounts http://agnews.tamu.edu/dailynews/stories/ANSC/photos/Mar0206a-lr.jpg

  14. Protein • Location of Protein in feed material • The "germ" is the part of the grain kernel which usually contains available protein. www.angelfire.com/folk/molinologist/whkernel.gif

  15. Vitamins • Vitamins job in the body: • regulate body functions • keep body healthy • develop resistance to disease • Do not provide body with energy

  16. Vitamins • Fat Soluble- stored in fat • A,D,E,K • Vitamin K is produced in animal’s intestinal tract • Vitamin D is produced from the sun • Water Soluble- dissolved by water • Need to be consumed everyday • B,C

  17. Minerals • Macrominerals • Need in large amounts • Calcium- causes bones and teeth to form properly • Phosphorus- key ingredient in the body’s use of protein • Iron- makes hemoglobin in red blood cells • Iodine- • Magnesium- lack causes muscle tremors and shakes • Sodium and potassium- water balance, transfer nutrients and waste through the cell membrane • Microminerals • Need in small amounts

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