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Greek Democracy & Golden Age

Greek Democracy & Golden Age. Age of Pericles 461-429 B.C. Pericles Wise Power 32 years Skillful Politician Inspiring speaker Respected general. 3 Goals of Pericles’. Strengthen Athenian Democracy Hold & strengthen empire Glorify Athens How?. 1. Stronger Democracy.

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Greek Democracy & Golden Age

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  1. Greek Democracy & Golden Age

  2. Age of Pericles 461-429 B.C. • Pericles • Wise • Power 32 years • Skillful Politician • Inspiring speaker • Respected general

  3. 3 Goals of Pericles’ • Strengthen Athenian Democracy • Hold & strengthen empire • Glorify Athens • How?

  4. 1. Stronger Democracy • Increase # of paid public officials • Before only wealthy could hold office • Now everyone could • Result: most citizens engaged in government • Direct Democracy • Citizens in rule directly & not through reprehensive

  5. 2. Athenian Empire • Enlarge: • Wealth • Power • Strengthen navy • Why? • 200 ship navy • Location to sea • Needed trade

  6. 3. Glorifying Athens • $ used to beautify Athens • Bought gold, ivory, & marble • Paid artisans to build from 447-432 B.C. & created the Parthenon

  7. Parthenon 23,000 ft² Typical temple design Built in honor of Athena Greek sculpture Statue of Athena Goddess of wisdom Athens protector 38 foot tall w/ gold & ivory in it Wanted statues Graceful Strong Perfectly formed Faces showing serenity Classical Art Body in motion Order Balance Proportion Art

  8. Drama • 1st theaters built in west • Showed civic pride • Tribute to gods • Colorful costumes, masks, & sets • Dramatize stories • Leadership • Justice • Duties owed to gods • Paid for by wealthy citizens

  9. Serious drama w/ themes Love Hate War Betrayal Tragic hero (main) Tragic flaw leads to downfall Hubris is biggest 3 main playwrights Aeschylus: 80 plays Sophocles: 100 plays, Oedipus the King Euripides Slap stick Crude humor Satires Aristophanes (most famous) Made fun of the Athenian people & government Meaning? Tragedy & Comedy

  10. Philosophers Search for Truth • Philosophers=“Lovers of Wisdom” • Basic principles • Universe • Land • Sky • Sea • Understanding through logic & reason

  11. 1. Socrates • Wanted people to examine themselves • Judge own morals • 399 B.C. (age 70) put on trial • Charged w/ corrupting youth • Neglecting city’s gods

  12. 2. Plato • Socrates pupil • 28 when Socrates dies • 385-380 B.C. wrote The Republic • Perfect governed society • ÷ into 3 Groups • Farmers & artisans • Warriors • Ruling class • Greatest insight from ruling class was “Philosopher King” • Dominated thought of Europe for 1,500 years

  13. 3. Aristotle • Plato’s pupil • Created basis for scientific method today • Method of arguing according to rules of logic • Famous pupils was Alexander • Son of King Philip of Macedonia • 343 B.C. took invitation to tutor 13 year old prince • 336 B.C. stopped when Alexander b/c king

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