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The Bill of Rights

The Bill of Rights. Chapter 4. The First Amendment. Section 1. First Amendment Freedoms. The Bill of Rights protects our civil liberties  the freedoms we have to think an act without government interference or fear of unfair treatment. Freedom of Religion.

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The Bill of Rights

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  1. The Bill of Rights Chapter 4

  2. The First Amendment Section 1

  3. First Amendment Freedoms • The Bill of Rights protects our civil liberties the freedoms we have to think an act without government interference or fear of unfair treatment.

  4. Freedom of Religion • Intolerance of different beliefs in their homelands led mahy colonists to come to America in the first place. • 1st Amendment prohibits Congress from establishing an official religion in the United States. • The government may not favor one religion over another.

  5. Freedom of Speech • In some countries, people are jailed for criticizing the government or voicing unpopular ideas. • As interpreted by the Constitution, free speech can include internet communication, art, music, or even clothing.

  6. Freedom of the Press • The government cannot practice censorship ban printed materials or films merely because they contian alarming or offensive ideas.

  7. Freedom of Assembly • This protects our rights to gather in groups for any reason, so long as the assemblies are peaceful. • Also includes our right to form and join social clubs, politicla parties, labor unions, and other organizations

  8. Freedom to Petition • Petition a formal request. • This can be done by writing political officials.

  9. Limits to First Amendment Freedoms • You do not have the freedom to provoke a riot or other violent behavior. • Citizens should use their civil liberties responsibly. • You may campaign for causes, but you may not disturb your neighbors with blaring loudspeaker broadcasts. • You may criticize government officials, but you may not spread lies that harm a person’s reputation • Slander spreading lies • Libel spreading lies in print. • The First Amendment was not passed to allow Americans to do whatever they pleased. • The rights of one individual must be balanced with the rights of another.

  10. Other Guarantees in the Bill of Rights Section 2

  11. Rights of Those Accused of Crimes

  12. Fourth Amendments • Protects “against unreasonable searches and seizures” • Search warrant a court order allowing law enforcement officers to search a suspect’s home or business and take specific items as evidence. • A judge must be convinced that a search will turn up evidence of criminal activity.

  13. Fifth Amendment • No one can be put on trial fro a serious federal crime without an indictment a formal charge by a group of citizens called a grand jury, who review the evidence against the accused. • An indictment simply indicates the grand jury’s belief that an individual may have committed a crime. • Double jeopardy a person accused of a crime and judged not guilty may not be put on trial again for the same crime. • Due process following established legal procedures. • Eminent domain the right of the government to take private protperty

  14. Sixth Amendment • Gives additional due process rights to people accused of crimes • Requires they be told the exact nature of the charges against them. • Speedy trial • Right to call witnesses • Right to a lawyer

  15. Eighth Amendment • Bail a sum of money used as a security deposit • 8th Amendment forbids “excessive” bail • Cruel and unusual punishment

  16. Protecting Other Rights

  17. Second Amendment • The courts have generally ruled that the government can pass laws to control, but not prevent, the possession of weapons

  18. Third Amendment • Makes it unlikely that any Americans will ever be forced to shelter the military again. • This will not happen in peacetime without the permission of the homeowner • During war time, this cannot happen without authorization of Congress.

  19. Seventh Amendment • Guarantees the right to a jury trial in civil cases if the amount of money involved is more than $20. • This amendment does not require a jury trial.

  20. Ninth Amendment • Makes it clear that citizens have rights beyond what is put in the Bill of Rights. • Ex. The right to privacy

  21. Tenth Amendment • The Constitution remained silent on the issue of slavery. • Manumission the voluntary freeing of enslaved person, especially those who had fought in the Revolution. • Under the 10th, any powers the Constitution does not specifically give to the national government are reserved to the states or the people.

  22. Extending the Bill of Rights Section 3

  23. Civil War Amendments • 13th officially outlawed slavery in the United States. • 14th 1868 defined a United States citizen as anyone “born or naturalized in the United States” • Also required states to give all citizens equal protection under the law. • Prevented states from interfering with the “privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States” • 15th  no state may take away a person’s voting rights on the basis of race, color, or previous enslavement. • Suffrage the right to vote.

  24. Other Amendments • 17th allow citizens to elect their senators directly. • 19th the Constitution never denied women the right to vote, and this was left up to the states initially. • 1869 Wyoming permitted women to vote • 23rd • 24th • 26th

  25. The Civil Rights Struggle Section 4

  26. Background to the Struggle • Discrimination unfair treatment based on prejudice against a certain group of people • Segregation social separation of the races • Civil rights the rights of full citizenship and equality under the law • 1909 NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People) • 1910 National Urban League • 1954 Brown v. Board • Martin Luther King, Jr.

  27. Ongoing Challenges • 1970s Affirmative Action programs to try to make up for past discrimination. • Racial profiling being singled out as suspects because of the way they look.

  28. BellRinger for 2-4-13 • Come up with three questions that could possibly be on the unit test. • Look back at your notes and textbook.

  29. The Citizen and the Community Chapter 5

  30. The Duties and Responsibilities of Citizenship Section 1

  31. A Citizen’s Legal Duties • Responsibilities things we should do, they are obligations that we fulfill voluntarily. • Duties things that we must do • Obey Laws • Pay Taxes • Defend the Nation • Serve in Court • Attend School

  32. Civic Responsibilities • Be Informed • Speak Up and Vote • Respect Other’s Rights • Respect Diversity • Tolerance respecting and accepting others, regardless of their beliefs, practices, or differences. • Contribute to the Common Good.

  33. Volunteering in Your Community Section 2

  34. The Need for Citizen’s Involvement • Community a group of people who share the same interests and concerns. • Bureaucracies complex systems with many departments, many rules and many people in the chain of command. • Welfare the health, prosperity, and happiness of all members of the community.

  35. Donating Time and Money • Volunteerism the practice of offering your time and services to others without payment.

  36. Volunteers in Action • Charitable Organizations • School-Based Programs • National Service Programs • Volunteering Has Benefits

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