Poetry Terms Handbook By: Mrs. Houghland

1. Poetry Terms HandbookBy: Mrs. Houghland

2. Turn the page! Turn to the inside page. Personification Words that give an animal, thing, or idea human qualities. Ex. The wind screamed as it blew by the house. Elements Of Poetry

3. Turn the page! Imagery Hyperbole An exaggeration! Hyperbole helps to emphasize your writing by making a point through extreme exaggeration. Example: I almost died laughing. • Poets choose words carefully to create strong images or feelings. One of the elements of poetry is imagery. Imagery is defined as concrete details that appeal to the sense of sight, sound, touch, smell and taste, or to internal feelings. • Example: A Dream is Like a River lesson. What images were created from the lyrics in the song? http://www.lyrics007.com/Garth%20Brooks%20Lyrics/The%20River%20Lyrics.htm l

4. Turn the page! Simile: Metaphor: Writers use metaphors to make their writing more interesting. Metaphors compare how two things are different in most ways, but alike in one way. However, a metaphor does not use like or as, it states that something is something else. An exaggeration. Example: “She was a mess waiting to happen.” The metaphor compares ________ to a ________ because _____________. • Writers use similes to add excitement and interest to their stories and poems. Similes describe something. Writers use similes as a comparison between two unlikely things usinglikeor asto make a connection between the two things being compared. • Example: “Life is like a box of chocolates.” ________ is compared to_______

5. Turn the page! Alliteration: Onomatopoeia: The use of words whose sounds suggest their meaning or use. Example: Swoosh! Bop! Wham! • Repeated consonant sounds at the beginning of words or within words. (Tongue twisters). • Example: “Maggie made my mango milkshake.”

6. Turn the page! Leave this page blank! Second Title Page. How A Poem works.

7. Turn the page! Meter Rhythm A series of stressed and unstressed sounds. • The measured arrangement of words in poetry that identifies the pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables.

8. Turn the page! Rhyme Scheme End Rhyme End words that share a sound. Ex. Hopping bunnies and little moles, Both can make their homes in holes. • The similarity of end sounds using alphabetical lettering that changes with each new sound. • Ex. The Rhyme scheme for a Sonnet is: • ABAB • CDCD EFEF • GG

9. Turn the page! Stanza Refrain A phrase or verse repeated at intervals throughout a song or poem. • A division of a poem, similar to a pararagraph.

10. Turn the page! Leave this page blank! Third Section Title Page! Types of Poems

11. Turn the page! Lyric Your poem! Write your own Lyric in this space. Poetry that expresses subjective thoughts and feelings often in songlike form. Example: Skater Boy, by: Avril Lavigne.

12. Turn the Page! Ballad Your Poem Write your own Ballad here. • A narrative poem often of folk origin intended to be sung. Simple stanzas usually with a recurrent refrain. • Example: Verses of four lines with a rhyming pattern: • Abab • Abbb • Acbc • Repetition often found in ballads. Lines can be used over again with a one word change.

13. Turn the page! Concrete Poem Your poem. Write your poem here. • Create a concrete poem by arranging words pictorially on a page or by combining art and writing. Words, phrases, and sentences can be written in the shape of an object, or word pictures can be inserted within poems that are written left to right and top to bottom on a sheet of paper. • Example: “George Washington Monument”

14. Turn the Page! Cinquains Your Poem • A cinquain is a five-line poem that was invented by Adelaide Crapsey. She was an American poet who took her inspiration from Japanese haiku and tanka. Cinquainsare particularly vivid in their imagery and are meant to convey a certain mood or emotion. 

15. Turn the Page! Limerick Your Poem! Write your own Limerick here. A humorous nonsensical verse of five lines with aabba rhyme scheme. Example: There was a young lady whose eyes were unique as to the color and size when she opened them wide. People all turned aside, and started away in surprise.

16. Turn the page! Ode Your Poem! Write your own Ode here. An ode is a long lyric that is deep in feeling and rich in poetic Devices and imagery. Example: Ode to the Seventh Grade

17. Turn the Page! Sonnet Your poem! ..\Sonnet_poem.aspx_ID=472128.pdf A 14-line poem, usually in iambic pentameter with fixed rhyme. Usually a love poem. Imabic: Stress is on the second syllable. Example: Good-bye! Pentameter: 10 syllables per line. Example: Oh how I love thee let me count the ways. Rhyme scheme: abab/cdcd/efef/gg

18. Turn the page! Free Verse Topic Anything and everything can be the topic of a  free verse lyrical  poem.  The poem can tell a story, describe a person, animal, feeling or object.  They can serious, sad, funny or  educational.  What ever subject that appeals to the poet can end up in free verse Language The poet attempts to describe his/her subject with language that shows, not tells.   For example, instead of writing " We had so much fun today.", the poet would  write "They wore smiles all the way home." Free verse does not have a set pattern of rhyme or rhythm.  There are no rules about line length in free verse. You try to keep the words that belong together on the same line, but, sometimes the poet will break these words if he/she wants to create a visual shape to support the poem's message, or feeling that the poet wishes the reader to experience.  .  When free verse is read aloud the reader can hear the rhythm of the words that the poet has used in his/her poem. Think of it as spoken music. http://www.edu.pe.ca/stjean/playing%20with%20poetry/Hickey/freeexamples.htm