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AZdrip: Long-term Evaluation of SDI

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AZdrip: Long-term Evaluation of SDI

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    1. AZdrip: Long-term Evaluation of SDI Tom Thompson Dept. of Soil, Water, and Environmental Science

    3. AZdrip AZdriplong-term subsurface drip irrigation demonstration and research project located at the Maricopa Agricultural Center Features: Large plots (70 x 400) 3 acres total Two drip tubing configurations: 3 lines per permanent 80 bed 1 line per 40 bed (or 2 lines per 80 bed) Furrow-irrigated plot included for comparison High and low irrigation frequencies Long-term monitoring of crop yield and quality, economic returns, nutrient and chemical use, soil properties, salt build-up, and nutrient depletion in root zone.

    4. Field Plan

    5. Bed Configurations

    6. High frequency irrigation scheduling: Between 8 am and 8pm: Five 12 tensiometers in each of the high-frequency plots are read and averaged automatically every hour. If average reading is >10 cbar, irrigation is turned on for 30 min (0.07). Cycle is repeated every hour. Irrigation Management (1)

    7. Irrigation Management (2) Low frequency irrigation scheduling: When the average of 5 manual tensiometers in each low-frequency plot reaches 25-30 cbar, 0.5 to 1.0 of water are applied. Frequency is every 3-7 days.

    8. AZdrip Installation Costs Scaled up to a 100 acre installation, broken up into six 16 acre blocks: 3 lines per permanent 80 bed, $ 2050/ac high frequency irrigation 1 line per 40 bed, high frequency $ 1833/ac irrigation 3 lines per permanent 80 bed, $ 1947/ac low frequency irrigation 1 line per 40 bed, low frequency $ 1730/ac irrigation

    9. AZdrip Water Quality

    10. Water Treatment/Chemigation Irrigation water quality is monitored weekly. Irrigation water is continuously acidified to pH 6.0 with sulfuric acid. Nitrogen is applied as UAN-32 solution. Phosphorus is applied as 0-52-0 solution.

    12. Watermelon Commercial Harvest Yield July 2, 2005

    13. Water Use

    14. Water Use Efficiency

    15. Benefits of SDI Ease of harvest, field operations Lower water use Better crop uniformity Reduces soil tillageimproved soil tilth More flexible management optionsfrequency of irrigation/fertigation Higher yields

    16. Limitations of SDI Initial cost Salt management, especially with small-seeded vegetable crops Time/cost for repair of drip tubing damage High level of management expertise and maintenance is necessary

    17. Summary of AZdrip Results, 2002-2005 Generally higher yields with SDI. Generally higher yields with high-frequency SDI compared to low-frequency SDI. Higher water use efficiency with SDIeven under conditions favoring high water use efficiency with surface irrigation. After 5 seasons, the SDI system continues to perform well.

    18. Acknowledgements Colleagues participating on this project: Ed Martin, Russ Tronstad, Mary Olsen, Jim Walworth, Pat Clay, Kai Umeda Funding by the University of Arizona Technology and Research Initiative Fund (TRIF), Water Sustainability Program

    19. Questions/Comments? Visit our web site at http://ag.arizona.edu/azdrip Contact Tom Thompson: 520-621-3670 or thompson@ag.arizona.edu

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