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What is Team Science?

What is Team Science?. A collaborative effort to address a scientific challenge that leverages the strengths & expertise of professionals trained in different fields.

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What is Team Science?

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  1. What is Team Science? A collaborative effort to address a scientific challenge that leverages the strengths & expertise of professionals trained in different fields. Refs: Enhancing the Effectiveness of Team Science, Cooke et al., 2015; Team Science Toolkit, n.d.; Falk-Krzensinski, H.J, 2016

  2. Definitions • Team Science: research conducted by > 1 person in an interdependent fashion • Science Teams: 2 to 10 individuals • Larger Groups: > 10 individuals (composed of smaller science teams) • Healthcare, education, or other teams are not defined by size Ref: Cooke et. al, 2015

  3. Why should I care about Team Science? • Challenges are increasingly complex • Collaboration is key to advancing knowledge & methods • 90% of all science & engineering publications have ≥ 2 authors • Most have 6–10 authors from ≥ 1 institution • Research by teams typically cited more often Ref: Cooke et. al, 2015

  4. What challenges do teams face? • Lack a common vocabulary • Knowledge gaps difficult to overcome • Large team size complicates communication & coordination • Building & maintaining trust & shared understanding • Multiple teams within a center or institution may have distinct goals that can lead to conflict around resources/recognition, etc Ref: Cooke et. al, 2015

  5. What challenges do teams face? (Continued) • Permeable boundaries • Geographic dispersion • High levels of task interdependence • Incentive/reward structures focus on individuals • E.g., promotions, appointments, tenure, bonuses Ref: Cooke et. al, 2015

  6. Do I have to work as part of a team? Not Necessarily… • Depends on questions, methods, etc. • Many individual scientists continue to make critical contributions & important discoveries However… • Translational researchers almost always need to collaborate Ref: Cooke et. al, 2015

  7. What drives team effectiveness? Team Processes! Including: • Shared understanding of team goals • Shared understanding of member roles • How team handles communication, conflict, andhierarchy • How teams make shared decisions Ref: Cooke et. al, 2015; Kozlowski and Ilgen, 2006

  8. How do you influence Team Processes? Team Composition • Identify knowledge, skills & attitude required for effective performance Team Professional Development • Perform team training • Integrate member knowledge & develop a shared understandings Ref: Cooke et. al, 2015

  9. How do you influence Team Processes? (Continued) Leadership for Team Science • Research has identified leadership styles & behaviors that foster positive interpersonal processes • Organizational & team leadership styles & behaviors can be developed Support In-person & Virtual Collaboration • Determine ways to communicate • Intentionally foster exchanges that build trust, shared knowledge, & psychological safety Ref: Cooke et. al, 2015

  10. Summary – Team Science • Team Science terms & concepts • Key features that create challenges for team science • Strategies for improving the effectiveness of team science • https://www.nap.edu/catalog/19007/enhancing-the-effectiveness-of-team-science National Research Council; Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education; Board on Behavioral, Cognitive, and Sensory Sciences; Committee on the Science of Team Science; Nancy J. Cooke and Margaret L. Hilton, Editors

  11. References? Where can I go to learn more? • Cooke, N. J., Hilton, M. L., Science, C. on the S. of T., Board on Behavioral, C., Education, D. of B. and S. S. and, & Council, N. R. (2015). Enhancing the Effectiveness of Team Science. Retrieved from http://www-ncbi-nlm-nih-gov.offcampus.lib.washington.edu/books/NBK310387/ • Falk-Krzensinski, H.J (2016). Team Science: Recognition & Reward, A Focus on Promotion and Tenure Policy and Publication. Powerpoint Presentation. Elsevier. • “What Google Learned from its Quest to Build the Perfect Team” NY Times, Feb 25, 2016: https://www.nytimes.com/2016/02/28/magazine/what-google-learned-from-its-quest-to-build-the-perfect-team.html?_r=0 . • National Cancer Institute Team Science Toolkit: https://www.teamsciencetoolkit.cancer.gov/Public/WhatIsTS.aspx

  12. References (continued) • Edmondson, A. C., Hart, V., & Schein, E. H. (2016). Teaming: How Organizations Learn, Innovate, and Compete in the Knowledge Economy (Unabridged edition). Grand Haven, Michigan: Audible Studios on Brilliance Audio. • Bennett, L. M., & Gadlin, H. (2012). Collaboration and team science: from theory to practice. Journal of Investigative Medicine: The Official Publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research, 60(5), 768–775. https://doi.org/10.2310/JIM.0b013e318250871d

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