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Paper Prototyping

Paper Prototyping. A tool for iterative design Wai Yong Low. Scope. Introduction 1min Why do it? 1min Why not to do it? 1min Building a Lo-fi Prototype 2min Preparing for a test 2min Conducting a test 1min Evaluating Results 1min Demonstration 5min

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Paper Prototyping

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  1. Paper Prototyping A tool for iterative design Wai Yong Low

  2. Scope • Introduction 1min • Why do it? 1min • Why not to do it? 1min • Building a Lo-fi Prototype 2min • Preparing for a test 2min • Conducting a test 1min • Evaluating Results 1min • Demonstration 5min • Conclusion 1min

  3. Introduction • Paper prototyping is a variation of usability testing where representative users perform realistic tasks by interacting with a paper version of the interface that is manipulated by a person ‘playing computer,’ who doesn’t explain how the interface is intended to work

  4. Why do it? • Principle of iterative design • Quality is partially a function of the number of iterations and refinements it undergoes

  5. Why do it? • Low cost • Fast to implement • Typical hi-fi prototype takes a few weeks as opposed to a few hours • Allows you to merge the design and prototyping phase together

  6. Why do it? • It gets everyone involved! • Builds teamwork amongst groups with diverse skill set • So simple, no one gets left out

  7. Why do it? • Feedback on the BIG things • Lo-fi nature forces users to consider usability issues related to layout, control mechanism • Nit picking over choice of colors, buttons sizes, font choice ignored • Focus on Content as opposed to Appearance

  8. Why not to do it? • Does not produce anything concrete! • May seem unprofessional to some users • Can’t represent some effects with paper

  9. Building a lo-fi prototype • Gather essential materials • White unlined paper • 5 by 8 inch cards • Adhesives • Markers • Sticky pads • Overhead Projector acetate sheets • Scissors, pen knives • Anything else you think of!!!

  10. Building a lo-fi prototype • Don’t get carried away with design! • Goal is to get as much user feedback as possible • Set a deadline – forget minor details

  11. Building a lo-fi prototype • Draw generic frames • Make everything needed to simulate effects • Photocopier is your friend! • Can use professional tools to create polished paper prototypes

  12. Preparing for a test • Select users • Perform user and task analysis • Find out educational background, knowledge of computers, typical tasks required • Get testers who fit the final user profile

  13. Preparing for a test • Ready test scenarios • Practice • Sort out bugs/hitches before the real testing • Get everyone comfortable with their role

  14. Conducting a test • Facilitator • Encourages user to express thoughts without influencing decisions • Giving instructions • Making sure timing is met

  15. Conducting a test • Computer • Arranges the paper prototype according to user input • Needs to be organized • Make changes quickly

  16. Conducting a test • Observers • Take notes • Write possible solutions to problems faced • Cannot react to user’s actions

  17. Evaluating results • Summarize problems • Prioritize problems • Construct revised prototype

  18. Live Demonstration • Mock up of Gmail website • Test Logging in • Test composing mail • Test checking for sent mail • Test signing out

  19. Conclusion • Paper prototyping • Useful tool for speeding up process of iterative design • Team member gain understanding of users needs • Try it out!

  20. References • Lo fidelity Prototyping: Prototyping for Tiny Fingers, by Marc Rettig, in Communications of the ACM, Vol. 37, No. 4, pp. 21-27, April 1994. • http://www.paperprototyping.com/references.html • Klee, M. 2000. Five paper prototyping tips. Available from User Interface Engineering. • Scanlon, T. 1998. Paper prototypes: still our favorite.

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