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Pervasive Developmental Disorder Not Otherwise Specified

Pervasive Developmental Disorder Not Otherwise Specified. By: Cindy Crawford. What is PDD-NOS?. Disorder characterized by delays in the development of socialization and communication skills Lesser degree of behaviors typical of autism Onset of behaviors after age 3. What it REALLY is….

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Pervasive Developmental Disorder Not Otherwise Specified

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  1. Pervasive Developmental DisorderNot Otherwise Specified By: Cindy Crawford

  2. What is PDD-NOS? Disorder characterized by delays in the development of socialization and communication skills Lesser degree of behaviors typical of autism Onset of behaviors after age 3

  3. What it REALLY is… • PDD-NOS is a diagnoses used to categorize cases that fall short of diagnostic criteria for Autism, Atypical Autism, and Aspergers. • Autism – symptoms apparent before age 3 • Atypical Autism – symptoms develop after age 3 • Aspergers – impairments in social interactions, stereotyped repetitive behavior, but NO delay in language development

  4. Prevalence • Cases of Autism and PDD-NOS are increasing each year • Approximately 1 million individuals in the US have autism • 1 in 91 children (formally 1 in 150 up until 2009 and 1 in 10,000 in the early 1990s) • 4:1 ratio of boys to girls • 1 in 58 boys Denmark study – 1971 – 2000 2.4 million children (younger than 10) followed, 806 cases of PDD-NOS (82% male) 14.6 per 10,000 children

  5. Behavioral Characteristics • Cognitive Learning • Excellent rote memory in certain areas • Unregulated fears; difficulty judging situations that create fear - may be overly fearful in safe situations, yet fearless in dangerous situations • Prefers concrete, rather than abstract, concepts http://www.mkdowney.com/characteristics.html

  6. Behavioral Characteristics cont. • Social Cues • Difficulty reading facial expression and emotion in another person • Difficulty understanding body language • Difficulty understanding the rules of conversation • Difficulty understanding group interactions • Too much or too little eye contact • Difficulty understanding others’ humor • Stand-offish or overly friendly http://www.mkdowney.com/characteristics.html

  7. Behavioral Characteristics cont. • New Situations, Patterns, People • Rule-oriented • Prefers known patterns with little unexpected surprises • Difficulty with transitions when changing activities • Difficulty making and maintaining friendships (especially peer friendships); more successful with adults than other children or young people http://www.mkdowney.com/characteristics.html

  8. Educational Considerations • Classroom Structure • Maintain consistency and predictability • Stick to your schedule! • Preferential Seating • Keep this student close by!

  9. Educational Considerations • Classroom Management • Be consistent with classroom rules • No surprises • Follow lesson plans and routines • Avoid “empty” time • Present information visually and verbally • Picture schedule • Visual timer

  10. Educational Considerations • IEP Requirements • Name of Disability • Long term goal(s) • Short term goal(s) • Accommodations and modifications • Behavior and Social Skill goals – behavior management techniques that will be used in the classroom • Placement type

  11. Educational Considerations • Strategies and interventions • Provide interaction with non-disabled peers to model appropriate language, social, and behavior skills • Teach (and re-teach) social skills • Positive Behavior Supports • See handout 1 • Provide learning “tools” for the student

  12. Assessment of Progress • How will I monitor progress? • Daily behavior reports • Observations (social skills) • Journal of incidents • Sticker chart to document scheduled time (play) • Formal assessments (reading, math) • Summative assessments • Formative assessments • THESEARE SUGGESTIONS TO BE DETERMINED BASED ON THE INDIVIDUAL NEEDS AND GOALS FOR THE STUDENT

  13. Resources www.autismclassroom.com Bertrand, J., Boyle, C., Yeargin-Allsopp, M., Decoufle, P., Mars, A., & Bove, F. (2001). Prevalence of Autism in a United States Population: The Brick Township, New Jersey, Investigation. Pediatrics, 108(5), 1155. Retrieved from Academic Search Premier database.v Braun, K., Pettygrove, S., Daniels, J., Miller, L., Nicholas, J., Baio, J., et al. (2007). Evaluation of a Methodology for a Collaborative Multiple Source Surveillance Network for Autism Spectrum Disorders -- Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network, 14 Sites, United States, 2002. MMWR: Morbidity & Mortality Weekly Report, 56(SS-1), 29-40. Retrieved from Academic Search Premier database. Committee on Educational Interventions for Children with Autism, National Research Council, (2001). Educating Children with Autism. Retrieved from http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=10017on November 29, 2009 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pervasive_developmental_disorder Lauritsen, M., Pederson, C., & Mortensen, P.. (2004). The incidence and prevalence of pervasive developmental disorders: A Danish population-based study. Psychological Medicine, 34(7), 1339-1346.  Retrieved November 27, 2009, from Research Library. http://www.mkdowney.com/characteristics.html

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