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JARL Emergency Communication in South Hyogo Prefecture Earthquake (Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake) in 1995

JARL Emergency Communication in South Hyogo Prefecture Earthquake (Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake) in 1995. Katsumi Yamamoto JA3MVI Japan Amateur Radio League, Inc. August 24, 2009. Hanshi-Awaji Earthquake. January 17, 1995 at 05:46 local time Magnitude 7.3 in Richter scale

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JARL Emergency Communication in South Hyogo Prefecture Earthquake (Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake) in 1995

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  1. JARL Emergency Communication inSouth Hyogo Prefecture Earthquake(Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake)in 1995 Katsumi Yamamoto JA3MVI Japan Amateur Radio League, Inc. August 24, 2009

  2. Hanshi-Awaji Earthquake • January 17, 1995 at 05:46 local time • Magnitude 7.3 in Richter scale • A quake hit densely populated area – Central area of Kobe City heavily damaged • Death: 6434 • Injured: 43,782 • Evacuees: over 300,000 • Complete collapsed houses: 104,906 • Damaged houses: 639,686

  3. In the early stage on January 17 to 21, there were self controlled amateur radio emergency communications on VHF and UHF bands. • January 18: Japanese government set Disaster Relief Law in motion. • January 21: Japanese Administration asked JARL to provide Amateur Radio Emergency Communication. • Following contents were specially authorized to handle in amateur Emergency Communication; • a)Road and traffic conditions, • b)Safety and location of residents, • c)Name of shops for water and food supply, and • d)Availability of Public service • In response to the administrative request, JARL started its Emergency Communication at 14:30 hrs of the same day.

  4. January 25: Administration allowed amateur satellite bands on 144, 435 and 1,200 MHz for use of terrestrial amateur EmCom, and assigned a series of callsigns 8J3AAA onward to the EmCom stations of handhelds and mobile radios. This was instantly done without documented application. JARL collected 260 handheld tranaceivers (1 W) and 11 mobile radios (10 W) from Japanese manufactures. Japan Red Cross separately collected 60 handhelds (1 W) All those 331 stations were licensed under JARL Emergency Communication.

  5. The most heavy and time consuming workloads to JARL people in the first sep were to place batteries and to set up initial condition to a great number of 260 handheld transceivers. January 25: JARL started to distribute 8J3AAA series handhelds to volunteer radio amateurs and 8J3AMJ series mobile radios to Local Control Stations collocated in public evacuation centers.

  6. JARL selected 3 FM frequencies in 435 MHz amateur satellite band for use of relief communication. Sequentially, 3 repeaters JR3WA, JR3VA and JR3VU were introduced in order to boost weak signals from 1 watt handhelds. The mountain top repeater JR3WA was modified its beam direction to look into the devastated area. Another one JR3VA was temporarily built on a hilltop school, which relayed emergency communication between a relief goods storage and evacuation centers.

  7. Map of Local Control Stations(Red belt indicates most damaged area)

  8. JARL Emergency Communication Network (in January) Area Center Station: JA3RL (Osaka city) Area Sub Center Station: JA3YRL (Kobe city) Local Control Stations (Kobe city and neighboring cities) 8J3AMO (Ashiya city): Jan 25 open. 20 handhelds. 8J3AMP (Ashiya city): Jan 25 open 8J3AMQ (Takarazuka city): Jan 28 open. 10 handhelds. JA3WGL (Kobe, Nada-ku): Jan 17 open Feb 5 moved to 8J3AMJ. JA3CGK (Kobe, Hyogo ku): Early stage operation.

  9. JARL Emergency Communication network (in February ) Local Control Stations: 8J3AMN (Kobe, Nishi-ku): Feb 3 open Feb 24 closed. 8J3AML (Kobe, Higashinada-ku): Feb 4 open 24 closed. 8J3AMJ (Kobe, Nada-ku): Feb 5 open Mar 31 closed. 8J3AMK (Kobe, Nishi-ku): Feb 5 open 28 closed. 8J3AMM (Kobe, Hyogo-ku): Feb 7 open. 8J3AMS (Kobe, Ngata-ku): Feb 11 open Mar 10 closed. 8J3AMR (Nishinomiya city): Feb 12 open Apr 15 closed. 8J3AMT (Nishinomiya city): Feb 12 open.

  10. Task Assignment to EmCom Stations Area Center Station (JA3RL): located in JARL Kansai (JA3) HQ office in Osaka city, supervises total JARL emergency communication. Area Sub Center Station (JA3YRL) coordinates emergency communication between Area Sub Center Station and Local Control stations. Local Control Station (8J3AMJ to 8J3AMT): Under control of his local emergency center, transfers information from Handhelds to the Agencies concerned. Handheld Station (8J3AAA to 8J3AMI): Under control of his local task force, or by his own voluntary action, collects various information and reports to his Local Control Station.

  11. Daily Distribution of Handhelds

  12. Result of JARL EmCom Operation (1) JARL Emergency Communication continued 85 days from January 21 to April 15, which was remembered with successful results and some issues to be considered and resolved. Over 300 handhelds and mobile radios were collected within short time period. 3 repeaters relayed week signals Hnadhelds were operated by 781 volunteer radio amateurs. Volunteers signed up in response to the call for support in Newspapers, Radio, TV and Amateur band.

  13. Result of JARL EmCom Operation (2) JA3RL(Area Center Station): supervised the overall JARL emergency communication, and kept communication with JARL HQ in Tokyo.

  14. Result of JARL EmCom Operation (3) JA3YRL (Area Sub Center Station): made inquiries to agencies concerned of queries from Local Control Stations (evacuation centers); collected information of the events of local government and/or volunteer organizations; played the central role in the devastated area; opened scheduled QSOs in order to exchange public service information, event schedule for victims, information on foods, cloths, etc.

  15. Result of JARL EmCom Operation (4) 8J3AMJ – 8J3AMT( Area Sub Center Station): performed a variety of works such as; distributed their own gathered information on restoration of life lines (water, electricity, gas, etc.) secured communication with evacuation and/or relief centers not only helped delivery of relief goods, but directly delivered relief materials with their hands and shoulders.

  16. Result of JARL EmCom Operation (5) 8J3AAA – 8J3AMI(Handhelds): a large number of handhelds with volunteer radio amateurs played a role of massive and sensitive tool in the network. gathered and delivered various information in the disaster area, not only helped delivery of relief goods to victims, but directly searched and called victims to confirm victim’s safety and reported by his Handheld to Local Control Station.

  17. Conclusive Remarks (1) • We should have master plan, detailed regulations, and practical manual for emergency communication. • We should enhance social recognition to amateur radio as a public tool. • We should strengthen the link of close communication with local governments. • We should have regular training for keeping and protecting the planned frequencies for emergency use.

  18. Conclusive Remarks (2) • We should have some number of alternative emergency plans. • We should find out the contact point between volunteer activity and amateur radio operation in emergency situation. • We should have distributed stock of radio equipments and transportation system for emergency situation. • Some of those were realized and submitted in part as JARL contribution to GAREC-2005.

  19. Thank YOU JARL

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