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French and Dutch Colonization of the New World

French and Dutch Colonization of the New World. APUSH: Spiconardi. The French. Motives Find gold Locate a Northwest Passage Both were failures. The French. Colonization In 1608, Samuel de Champlain founded Quebec In 1673, a Jesuit priest and fur traded located the Mississippi River

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French and Dutch Colonization of the New World

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  1. French and Dutch Colonization of the New World APUSH: Spiconardi

  2. The French • Motives • Find gold • Locate a Northwest Passage • Both were failures

  3. The French • Colonization • In 1608, Samuel de Champlain founded Quebec • In 1673, a Jesuit priest and fur traded located the Mississippi River • By 1681, the French had gotten to the Gulf of Mexico • French claim the entire Mississippi River Valley

  4. The French

  5. The French • The Population • By 1628, the French population was 85 • By 1663, the population was fewer than 3,000 • By 1700, there inhabitants had risen to 19,000 • Why the low population? • France feared a population loss would undermine their status as a European power • French government feared potential conflicts between settlers and natives • Canada was deemed as icebox

  6. The French • Characteristics • Roman Catholic • Persecuted Huguenots were not allowed to immigrate to New France • No representative government • Focused on fur trade as opposed to agriculture

  7. The French • Relations with Native Americans • The French prided themselves on adopting a more humane approach to relations with natives • The French did not desire large amounts of land like the English and Spanish • Religious Tolerance…Sort of • Samuel de Champlain encouraged religious tolerance for all Christians and did not view Native Americans as inferior • Jesuits • Attempted to convert natives, but did not seek to suppress traditional religious practices • Encouraged natives to adopt French language and gender roles • But… “It happens more commonly that a Frenchman becomes savage than a savage becomes a Frenchman.”

  8. The Dutch • Dutch West India Trading • A trading company appointed directors to govern the people • New Netherland lacked any form of an elected assembly • Tolerance • The Dutch came to trade, not conquer land • Settlements were forbidden until land had officially been purchased from natives

  9. The Dutch • What was the most famous land deal? • The sale of Manhattan (New Amsterdam) to the Dutch

  10. The Dutch • Tolerance (con’t) • Dutch women could own property, go to court & borrow money • Slave rights • By 1650, there were 500 slaves in New Netherland • Half-Freedom • Some slaves were given land to support their families • Diversity • By 1630s, roughly 18 languages were spoken • Why so diverse? • Religious tolerance extended to all Christians and Jews

  11. The Dutch • New Amsterdam becomes New York • Peter Stuyvesant becomes governor in 1647 • Ruled harshly & repressively • In 1664, King Charles II of England grants land in New Netherlands to his brother James, Duke of York and Albany • English show up with four armed ships • Stuyvesant surrenders without fight • Not supported by residents of New Amsterdam

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