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PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA. Brief modern history- Sun-Yat Sen- China’s First President -1912 Educated in the U.S. Wanted to adopt a government based on Western democratic principles After he died in 1916 a struggle for power resulted in Civil war between the

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PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

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  1. PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

  2. Brief modern history- Sun-Yat Sen- China’s First President -1912 Educated in the U.S. Wanted to adopt a government based on Western democratic principles After he died in 1916 a struggle for power resulted in Civil war between the Nationalists and the Communists

  3. Chiang- Kai-Shek was the leader of the Nationalists

  4. MAO- ZEDONG was the leader of the Communists

  5. Civil war was interrupted by WW II • Afterward fighting continued and the • Communists defeated the Nationalist • forces and formed a Communist government in 1949 • The Nationalists retreated to Taiwan • Taiwan has continued to be independent • from China and has prospered with the • assistance of developed nations

  6. In 1950, China invaded Tibet , destroyed Buddhist monasteries and drove Dalai Lama into exile. • Tibet has been called the “Rooftop of the World” average elevation is 16,000 ft. Tibet’s new name is Xizang (shee- zahng) hidden land of the west

  7. LHASA, TIBET ROOFTOP OF THE WORLD

  8. The Dalai Lama, Tenzin Gyatso, has been in exile in India since the take over by China in 1950.

  9. OUTDOOR RESTAURANT IN TIBET

  10. LHASA, TIBET

  11. THREE GREAT RIVER SYSTEMS: HUANG (YELLOW) RIVER, YANGTZE RIVER, AND XI (HSI) RIVER

  12. THREE GORGES ALONG THE YANGTZE WHEN COMPLETED IN 2009, THE THREE GORGES DAM WILL BE THE LARGEST HYDROELECTRIC DAM IN THE WORLD

  13. THREE GORGES DAM PROJECT

  14. THE GRAND CANAL 486 B.C-610 A.D. 1,114 miles long OLDEST AND LONGEST IN THE WORLD

  15. GREAT WALL OF CHINA BUILT 2,000 YEARS AGO BY THE QIN (CH’IN) DYNASTY

  16. ENLARGED DURING THE MING DYNASTY – 1368-1644 4,000 MILES LONG

  17. BEIJING, CHINA

  18. ARCHEOLOGICAL SITE THOUSANDS OF TERRACOTTA SOLDIERS FOUND BURIED AT XIAN Discovered in 1974

  19. POPULATION POLICY • 1970s-one child policy in urban areas • Rewards for those who followed policy (better housing, jobs, pay increases) • Punishments for those who had more than one child ( fines, wage cuts, loss of jobs, social disapproval

  20. POPULATION POLICY • Farmers in rural areas were pressured to produce and needed children to help in the fields. • Many in rural areas had large families and accepted the punishments. Enforcement of punishments not as strict in rural areas.

  21. POPULATION POLICY • Population growth has decreased, however, • CHINA is still the most populated country with 1.3 billion people.

  22. ETHNIC DIVERSITY • 55 Ethnic minority groups –mainly Han (94%) • 52 separate languages • Mandarin Chinese official language • Use ideograms-pictures or characters that represent a thing or an idea

  23. CHINESE LANGUAGES • Written form gives no clues to pronunciation • To read a newspaper, one needs to know 2,000-3,000 characters • To achieve a solid grasp of language, need to know 20,000 characters.

  24. RELIGION • Officially, an atheist country • Atheism denies the existence of God • Many however, are followers of Buddhism, Daoism, and Confucianism

  25. TRADITIONAL MEDICINE • Practice acupuncture and use herbal remedies.

  26. FOOD

  27. BARBECUED RAT AND DOG

  28. FOR ENTERTAINMENT

  29. CHINA IS ONE OF THE WORLD’S FASTEST GROWING ECONOMIES

  30. FASHION SHOW IN CHINA

  31. S.E.Z. SPECIAL ECONOMIC ZONES ARE AREAS IN CHINA WHERE FOREIGN COMPANIES ARE ENCOURAGED TO INVEST • THERE ARE NOW HUNDREDS OF S.E.Z.s IN CHINA BECAUSE THEY ARE SO SUCCESSFUL

  32. 80% of toys for the U.S. are made in China

  33. While the economy is moving toward capitalism, Chinese citizens still do not have individual freedoms In 1989- STUDENTS ADOPTED THIS SYMBOL OF THE STATUE OF LIBERTY ASKING FOR DEMOCRATIC REFORMS

  34. DEMONSTRATION AT TIANAMEN SQUARE 1989- 100,000 DEMONSTRATORS ASKING FOR MORE FREEDOMS

  35. PEOPLE IN RURAL AREAS CAME TO SUPPORT THE STUDENTS

  36. THE GOVERNMENT REPONDED BY BRINGING IN THE MILITARY

  37. TROOPS OPENED FIRE WITH- OUT WARNING KILLING 2,000 AND WOUNDING HUNDREDS MORE “Tank man” challenges soldiers.

  38. This incident sent a message that the Communist government was not going to allow freedoms • Repression has continued. Chinese citizens have been imprisoned for challenging the government • Special economic zones, however, have opened the door for more economic freedoms

  39. SHI TAO- Journalist in China sent an email to a New York based pro-democracy website about a meeting recognizing the 15th anniversary of the June 4, 1989 crackdown of personal freedoms at Tianamen Square. YEAR-2006

  40. Shi Tao was tried and convicted of “illegally spreading state secrets overseas.” He was sentenced to 10 years in prison. Shi Tao is 37 years old.

  41. BIKES ARE STILL POPULAR AS A MEANS OF TRANSPORTATION

  42. 56% of the people live in rural areas. More and more are moving to the cities.

  43. 94% of China’s 1.3 billion people live on 46 % of the land.

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