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Navigating the Standards Landscape

Navigating the Standards Landscape. BJA Regional Information Sharing Conference November 28, 2006. Navigating the Standards Landscape. The Business Case: How do functional standards help the practitioner to develop an information sharing architecture?

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Navigating the Standards Landscape

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  1. Navigating the Standards Landscape BJA Regional Information Sharing Conference November 28, 2006

  2. Navigating the Standards Landscape • The Business Case: How do functional standards help the practitioner to develop an information sharing architecture? • Data Exchange Standards: XML, JXDM and NIEM • JIEM, IEPDs and Components • Missouri Case Study • How Do I Connect the Silos? Here is the Help!

  3. The Business Case - Overview • Exploring the value of Standards • Why are standards beneficial ? • How are standards cost effective ? • Functional Standards: An example • What are they and how do they help me as a practitioner ? • Who decides what becomes a Standard ? • How are Standards designed and vetted ?

  4. The Business Case - Why • Standards are important if you want to: • SHARE DATA (speak the same language) • SAVE MONEY (use the same products) • LOWER RISK (increase the probability that your exchange will be interoperable with other justice entities throughout the nation) • INCREASE PUBLIC SAFETY (get it there faster, more accurately, in a consumable format) • INCREASE PUBLIC ACCESS (accurate information accessible through the web)

  5. The Business Case - What • Standards Provide • On-demand real time data access by practitioners who need it to make decisions • Standard products from vendors at lower cost • Leverage for your legacy system investment • Phased evolution to emerging technologies approach • If you care about PUBLIC SAFETY, standards are important because these standards can help you deliver emergency services more quickly, with greater dependability • If you care about ACCOUNTABILITY FOR THE PUBLIC’S MONEY, standards are important because they will help to significantly lower the lifecycle cost of sharing data

  6. Justice & Public Safety Standards Landscape • No Domain-wide standards prior to September 11, 2001 • Each agency re-defined, and each vendor re-invented the wheel with every project • Evident and growing need to lower cost, reduce risk, speed delivery and ensure compatibility • 2004 • Executive Order 13356 and • Homeland Security Presidential Directive (HSPD-5) to improve information sharing • 2005 Justice and Homeland Security partnership to develop National Information Exchange Model

  7. XML: Building Blocks for Information Exchange XML Point-to-Point Canonical Standard

  8. Data Exchange Standards: XML • XML provides a natural way to build new vocabularies or languages • XML tools (parsers, validators, native XML databases) are abundant, relatively inexpensive and can support any and every vocabulary that conforms to the XML standard • XML allows us to express information in the operating system/computer architecture/ language independent way

  9. Data Exchange Standards: XML • XML can represent all parts of the information exchange • Information that needs to be shared; • Information about this information (who created it, when, why, etc.); • Information about destination of this information (addressing, routing); • Security and authorization information (sensitivity level, who can read it, how it should be disposed of, etc.); • Validation and verification rules (XML schema, DTD, business rules)

  10. Role of the XML business vocabulary • Describing data objects relevant to the business problem in a consistent and re-usable format. • XML tags provide both human-readable descriptions and computer instructions for mapping and validation. • Two different organizations may express two different concepts with the same XML tag. Example: • <dmv:Person.identification> in the DMV environment could mean driver’s license. No further specialization is required. • <immigration:Person.identification> in the ICE environment could mean passport. • Business vocabularies should be reconciled for the purpose of the information exchange, creating a new vocabulary: • <infoEx:Person.identification idType = {driver’s license | passport}>

  11. XML Vocabularies • Uniform Business Language (UBL) • Electronic Business XML (ebXML) • Extensible Access Control Markup Language (XACML) • ACORD XML for Life Insurance • eXtensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL) • EDXL (OASIS Emergency Management) • Global Justice XML Data Model (G)JXDM) • National Information Exchange Model (NIEM)

  12. XML: Building blocks for information exchange • JXDM started as a “grass-roots” effort to define a common XML vocabulary for criminal justice and public safety • JXDM provides fairly large objects, reflecting the broad scope of the effort and attempts to accommodate needs of everyone across the wide spectrum • JXDM includes constructs not “native” to criminal justice, such as health or intelligence – created without a benefit of the subject matter expertise

  13. JXDM Evolution Communities of Interest SEARCH JIEM Tool Exchanges Local, County, and State Representatives Data Dictionary Reconcilliation: LegalXML, RISS, and RAP IACP XSTF AAMVA Driver History CrimNet GISWG Nlets CISA NIJ NIBRS JXDM OASIS LegalXML W3C US DoD ISO/IEC XML.gov UN/CEFACT ebxml.org Intelligence Community ICML DublinCore.org ASC X12.org Standards

  14. The National Information Exchange Model (NIEM)

  15. NIEM Goals and Objectives • Support and enable information sharing nationally, among all branches and levels of government • Extends the “grass roots”, bottom up approach used by the Justice community of interest • Synergy with the Federal Enterprise Architecture, especially the Data Reference Model (DRM) http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/egov/a-1-fea.html

  16. JXDM and NIEM • NIEM aggregates knowledge from multiple domains, where each “community of interest” (COI) maintains its own domain and contributes to the common set; • NIEM, having much broader audience in mind from the beginning, took a different approach than the JXDM to develop core objects: • Start with smallest, universally understood and usable; • Specialize for the particular exchanges, common to some or many; • Provide a space for additional specialization relevant to a specific area • Separating concepts into Universal, Common and domain-specific keeps NIEM objects generally smaller, more nimble, though the number of objects is larger than that in JXDM

  17. NIEM Data Component

  18. NIEM data component re-use and extension Universal Person Justice Person Immigration Person

  19. BloodTypeCode BloodTypeCodeType National Information Exchange Model (NIEM) NIEM Core (a collection of namespaces) Core: jointly governed through the NIEM governing body Core Universal namespace Structuresnamespace The minimally supported set for all participating domains;universally understood; very stable; minimal or no subsetting Common namespace Requires joint governance and reconciliation; but relatively stable Where tiger teams operate Intelligence namespace • NIEM Participants: • Bring domain content to NIEM. • Conform to NIEM NDR. • Agree to NIEM governance policies and procedures. • Participate in NIEM governance. Justicenamespace Emergency Mgt namespace Domains Immigration namespace Governed by XSTF-like committees that coordinate and cooperate with the NIEM governing body

  20. JXDM 3.1 Vision • First major revision of JXDM • Implements associations and roles with metadata • Implements flexible metadata containers • Structures namespace • PropertyType and ActivityType completely refactored • No proxy schemas are used for code lists • External enumeration updates • NCIC: break some table dependencies (e.g., make/model) • New content • NHTSA crash data • Intelligence

  21. NIEM 1.0 • Partitioned into multiple NIEM domains (including Justice) • Includes Universal, Common, and Structures namespaces (Core) • Re-factors data components across all namespaces • Implements • Associations • Roles • Metadata • Type augmentation • Implements a URI for each component • Re-factors some specialization occurrences into augmentation, associations, roles, and metadata • Uses original GJXDM 3.0.3 PropertyType and ActivityType

  22. NIEM 1.0 • Content – (in addition to Justice): • Immigration and Customs Enforcement • Customs and Border Protection / International Trade • Intelligence • Emergency Management • Infrastructure Protection • Person Screening • External standards (Geospatial, EDXL)

  23. Requirements for JXDM 4.0/NIEM 1.1 release: • All proposed 4.0 functionality • NIEM Naming and Design Rules (NDR) compliance • Version independence • Lessons learned from NIEM 1.0 implementations • Commitment from NIEM PMO to support local and state pilots

  24. JXDM – NIEM Convergence • XSTF will continue to have governance oversight within the justice domain • XSTF and Global are participating in the NIEM governance structure • Convergence/Interlocking will occur with simultaneous 4.0/2.0 releases • “Interlocking” means: • NDRs and toolsets are consistent • IEPDs will be developed using both • The two data models are complementary and efficient (data is not duplicated) and allow seamlessinteroperability via toolsets

  25. NIEM 2.0 (2007) NIEM 2.0 will converge GJXDM 3.0.3, JXDM 3.1, and NIEM 1.0 into one release with built-in migration support to subsequent NIEM releases. GJXDM 3.0.3 NIEM 1.0 JXDM 3.1 NIEM 1.1 JXDM 4.0 NIEM 1.1 summary: Multi-domain, refactored PropertyType and ActivityType; associations, roles, metadata, type augmentation, flexible code lists, URI for each component, database export, and three integrated support tools

  26. JXDM – NIEM Convergence • Global has continued to focus on continuing the development of the NIEM in parallel to the JXDM • Global members have participated in NIEM governance, Con-ops, architecture, and outreach materials. • The XSTF will govern and manage the justice namespace, next release will be JXDM 4.0. • Justice domain will be renamed in NIEM to “jxdm” • Bottom Line: JXDM is alive and well – investments, to date, will be preserved

  27. NIEM IEPD Lifecycle

  28. Analyze Exchange Requirements • Mapping the business Process: The Justice Information Exchange Model (JIEM) • Conceptual framework for understanding, describing, and reengineering information exchange • Consists of five dimensions that identify exchanges • Each exchange is a unique combination of entries for each dimension, plus additional data

  29. How JIEM and SSGT interoperate SSGT Mapping Tool JIEM Schema Subset Generation Tool (SSGT) Mapping Report Wantlist SSGT .XMI ArgoUML Subset.zip

  30. JXDM Specifications and Service Models • Biometrics (ANSI-NIST ITL-2006) • FBI Electronic Fingerprint Transmission Specification (EFTS) • Uniform Rap Sheet • NCIC 2000 • Sex Offender, Serious Violent Offender, Wants, Warrants, Hot Files Protection Orders • OASIS Court Filing 3.0

  31. Missouri Judicial Environment • Statutory project begun in 1995 • Judiciary Information Architecture • Statewide Infrastructure Standards • Statewide case management system • Many other statewide technologies

  32. Missouri’s Participation in Standards Development • OASIS LegalXML Member Section • Electronic Court Case Filing • Specifications 3.01; 1.1; 1.0 • Court Document Specification 1.1 • Electronic Case Filing Functional and Technical Standards (National Center for State Courts) • Global Justice XML Data Model (U.S. Department of Justice)

  33. Missouri Example • Business Problem: Converting legacy case management information from a variety of proprietary disparate systems • Office of State Courts Administrator executive staff requested the development of a generic criminal/traffic conversion and a case transfer for Prosecuting Attorneys

  34. Background Information • Prior to implementing GJXDM, custom conversion programming was required for each legacy system: • Limited code reuse • On average 18-24 months development time • Serial development activity

  35. Successful Projects • Criminal Initial Filing • The transfer of criminal information from the local prosecutors to the court • City of St. Louis case conversion • 36 million records • 1.3 million cases • Less than 8 months versus 18-24 months • Clay and Jefferson Counties

  36. Future GJXDM Projects • E-Warrants • The transmission of warrant information to state and local law enforcement • E-Filing • Electronic transmission of civil case information from attorneys to the court • Drug Lab Results • Testing results for mandatory drug testing • from multiple contract labs

  37. Implementing Advantages • Reusable components • Future projects can benefit • Improved communication between information provider and project team • Reduce overall project delivery time • Conversions are now averaging 6 to 9 months • Reduce overall project costs

  38. Levels of Standards • Choose the level of standard applicable to the exchange

  39. Court Data Dictionary Justice XML Data Dictionary Court Filing Arrest Warrant Court Document Driver’s License Incident Report JXDM Building Blocks

  40. Standards for Courts • Consolidated Case Management System Functional Standards • JTC of COSCA and NACM • Civil Case Management Functional Requirements • Domestic Relations Case Management Functional Requirements • Criminal Case Management Functional Requirements • BJA • Juvenile Case Management Functional Requirements • OJJDP

  41. Standards for Courts available via NCSC • Traffic Functional Requirements • NHTSA • Electronic Filing Processes (Technical and Business Approaches) • SJI • LegalXML Member Section XML Court Document • JTC of COSCA and NACM • Electronic Court Filing XML Standard • JTC of COSCA and NACM

  42. OASIS Electronic Filing 3.01 Specification • Began in 1999; First Specification in 2002; Latest revision August 2006 • Scope expanded in latest version • Components currently include: • Bankruptcy • Civil filing • Criminal filing • Court policy • Domestic filing • Service information • Queries • Docket information • Traffic citation

  43. How Do I Connect the Silos? Resources ! Available today • OJP and NIEM web sites • SEARCH JIEM IEPD Tool • JXDM - NIEM Spreadsheets • NCSC Wayfarer Search Tool • Schema Subset Generation Tools • Unified Modeling Language Tools • JXDM and NIEM National Virtual Help Desk • GTTAC Technical Assistance and Training

  44. OJP Information Site www.it.ojp.gov

  45. NIEM Information Site www.niem.gov

  46. SEARCH JXDM/JIEM/NIEM Initiatives • XML Structure Task Force (XSTF) • Global Training and Technical Assistance Committee (GTTAC) • IJIS Institute XML Committee • Technical Assistance and Training • (G) JXDM User Guide • Sponsor 1st Annual (G) JXDM User Conference • Lead developer of Reference Information Exchange Package Documentation (IEPDs) • JXDM National Virtual Help Desk support • Global and NIEM committees

  47. SEARCH 2006 - 2007 Focus • JIEM-IEPD Tool Development • IEPDs, horizontal analysis of components • Reusable component library • Reference Models • Expanded domains (emergency management, incident command, intelligence and fusion) • Privacy • Service Oriented Architecture • Messaging/Transport

  48. Thank you! • Catherine Plummer • SEARCH, The National Consortium for Justice Information and Statistics • 916-392-2550 x 301 • catherine@search.org Robin Gibson, PMP Manager-Court Automation Fiscal and Planning Office of State Courts Administrator (573)751-4377 Robin.Gibson@Courts.mo.gov

  49. Q&A XML

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