句子成分和词类

1. 句子成分和词类 名词 主语 代词 表示句子所说的是谁或是什么 数词 • Lucy is an American. • All of them are late for school today. • Three plus two is five. • The poor should be helped. • To teach such a blind boy is not easy. • The sun rises in the east. • The song was written by Maria. • He can swim well. • My mother goes shopping on Sundays. • I am a teacher. • We are making a model plane. 名词化的形容词 不定式短语 不及物动词 谓语 被动态的动词短语 主语的动作、状态或特征 情态动词＋动词原型 动词短语 系动词 及物动词

2. 副词 介词短语 动词不定式 名词词组 • Women often go shopping. • I have worked hard on my English for quite a few years. • I got up early to catch the early train. • Take the medicine three times a day. • Hungry and thirsty, I was too tired to move. • We give instructions to the computer by putting in the programs. • A woman saw it happen when she was walking past. 形容词 介词短语 从句 用来修饰句子其他成分或整个句子，说明事件， 地点，条件，原因，结果，目的， 让步，程度，比较和方式等。 状语 so that=in order to because if so…that though

3. 名词 宾语 动名词 动词的对象或承受者 动词不定式 • He has written a book. • I don’t like dancing. • The boy wants to be a footballer. • ---How many apples do you want? ---I want three. 5. The teacher is looking at you. • I don’t believe what he said. 数词 代词 从句 双宾语 • Buy me a new pen, mum. • She showed us the photos. give, pass, bring, send, show, tell, buy, make, get, lend ＝Buy a new pen for me, mum. =She showed the photos to us.

4. 形容词 名词 代词 数词 • Give me that long red pencil. • Mary is a woman doctor. • My book is lost. • We have got only three minutes. • There excited men are shouting at the end of the exciting race. • There are many beautiful things to see in the museum. • Will you join in the singing group? • There is a basket full of flowers. • My father is talking with a girl of ten. • My father is talking with a girl who is ten years old. 过去分词和现在分词 动词不定式 动名词 形容词短语作后置定语 介词短语 从句 定语 修饰或限定名词或代词的部分

5. 名词 介词短语 副词 动词不定式 • They named the boy David. • She stopped the child from listening. • I found him out again. • He taught us how to use the camera. • I found the test easy. • I saw some old people dancing in the square. 形容词 现在分词 补语 宾语补足语 说明宾语的动作，身份，性质，状态和特征。宾语和宾语补足语在逻辑上是主谓或主表关系。

6. 名词 代词 形容词 数词 • Her father isa taxi driver. • ----Who’s at the door?----It’s me. • Everything becameready. • Ten minus five is five. • He isn’t here. • The book is exciting. • We felt excited. • Her job is to look after those babies. 副词 现在分词 过去分词 动词不定式 出现在系动词后，说明主语的身份，性质，状态和特征。 表语 go bad/fall ill/come true/keep healthy Be动词 感官动词 seem, keep, get, turn, become, grow, come, fall, go look, sound, feel, smell, taste, touch,

7. 说说它们的成分 表语 主语 宾语 • He is angry. • Jane is going home from school. • The man is wearing a black jacket. • The text is very difficult. • I saw him reading in the sun. • She put the dishes on the table. • We found the exercise easy. • Though it was raining heavily, we still went to school. • To learn English well is important. • He lent me the bike. • We go to Britain once a year. • Look at the blackboard. 表语 宾语补足语 宾语 补语 状语 主语 宾语 状语 宾语

8. 定语 表语 定语 表语 13. The man with a smile is my teacher. 14. The food on the plate went bad. 15. I have a book which my father bought for me. 16. His job is to protect the innocent. 17. You musn’t go out now. 18. I used to go to work on foot. 19. My sister looks beautiful. 20. There are many women teachers in our school. 谓语 状语 表语 定语 主，谓， 宾，定，状，补， 表