Story of Adam عليه السلام part 1

1. Story of Adam عليه السلام part 1 ICN FAMILY DARS 1-30-13

2. Benefits of Studying The Lives of the Prophets عليهم السلام • What are some benefits? • We have been commanded to follow their examples أُولَئِكَ الَّذِينَ هَدَى اللَّهُ فَبِهُدَاهُمُ اقْتَدِهْ 90. they are those whom Allâh had guided. so follow their Guidance Al-An-Aam Allah has protected them from committing kufr and sins اللَّهُ يَصْطَفِي مِنَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ رُسُلًا وَمِنَ النَّاسِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ سَمِيعٌ بَصِيرٌ (75) 75. Allâh chooses Messengers from angels and from men. Verily, Allâh is All-Hearer, All-Seer. Al-Hajj اللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ حَيْثُ يَجْعَلُ رِسَالَتَهُ ." Allâh knows best with whom to place his Message Al-An-Aaam 124

3. Benefits Cont… • Biggest reminder to those that call to the path of Allah • Their message (the oneness of Allah) • Their character • The struggles they endured • We are facing many of the same tests that they faced • In their stories we find comfort that the truth will prevail • By increasing in our love for them may be we can be with them in jannah •  أَبِي مُوسَى، قَالَ قِيلَ لِلنَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم الرَّجُلُ يُحِبُّ الْقَوْمَ وَلَمَّا يَلْحَقْ بِهِمْ قَالَ ‏"‏ الْمَرْءُمَعَمَنْأَحَبَّ ‏"‏‏ • Narrated Abu Musa: It was said to the Prophet; , "A man may love some people but he cannot catch up with their good deeds?" The Prophet said, "Everyone will be with those whom he loves."

4. The Creation of the Heavens and Earth • Allah created the earth in two days put all of the provisions on it in two days and then created the heavens in two days • قُلْ أَئِنَّكُمْ لَتَكْفُرُونَ بِالَّذِي خَلَقَ الْأَرْضَ فِي يَوْمَيْنِ وَتَجْعَلُونَ لَهُ أَنْدَادًا ذَلِكَ رَبُّ الْعَالَمِينَ ( • 9. Say (O Muhammad Sal-Allaahu 'alayheWaSallam): "Do You Verily disbelieve In Him who created the earth In two days (Sunday and Monday) and You set up rivals (in worship) with him? that is the Lord of the 'Alamîn (mankind, jinns and All that exists). • وَجَعَلَ فِيهَا رَوَاسِيَ مِنْ فَوْقِهَا وَبَارَكَ فِيهَا وَقَدَّرَ فِيهَا أَقْوَاتَهَا فِي أَرْبَعَةِ أَيَّامٍ سَوَاءً لِلسَّائِلِينَ (10) • 10. He placed therein (i.e. the earth) firm mountains from above it, and He blessed it, and measured therein its sustenance (for its dwellers) In four days equal (i.e. All These four 'days' (Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday)were equal In the length of time), for All those who ask (about its creation). • ثُمَّ اسْتَوَى إِلَى السَّمَاءِ وَهِيَ دُخَانٌ فَقَالَ لَهَا وَلِلْأَرْضِ ائْتِيَا طَوْعًا أَوْ كَرْهًا قَالَتَا أَتَيْنَا طَائِعِينَ • 11. Then He Istawâ (rose over) towards the heaven when it was smoke, and said to it and to the earth: "Come both of You willingly or unwillingly." they both said: "We come, willingly.“ • فَقَضَاهُنَّ سَبْعَ سَمَاوَاتٍ فِي يَوْمَيْنِ وَأَوْحَى فِي كُلِّ سَمَاءٍ أَمْرَهَا وَزَيَّنَّا السَّمَاءَ الدُّنْيَا بِمَصَابِيحَ وَحِفْظًا ذَلِكَ تَقْدِيرُ الْعَزِيزِ الْعَلِيمِ (12) • 12. Then He completed and finished from their creation (as) seven heavens In two days (Thursday and Friday) and He made In each heaven its affair. and we adorned the nearest (lowest) heaven with lamps (stars) to be an adornment as well as to Guard (from the devils by using them as missiles against the devils). such is the decree of Him the All-Mighty, the All-Knower

5. Creation of Adam عليه السلام • Allah created him from dirt • وَمِنْ آيَاتِهِ أَنْ خَلَقَكُمْ مِنْ تُرَابٍ ثُمَّ إِذَا أَنْتُمْ بَشَرٌ تَنْتَشِرُونَ (20) • 20. and among his signs is this, that He created You (Adam) from dust, and Then [Hawwa' (Eve) from Adam's rib, and Then his offspring from the semen, and], - behold You are human beings scattered! • "‏ إِنَّ اللَّهَ خَلَقَ آدَمَ مِنْ قَبْضَةٍقَبَضَهَا مِنْ جَمِيعِ الأَرْضِ فَجَاءَ بَنُو آدَمَ عَلَى قَدْرِ الأَرْضِ جَاءَ مِنْهُمُ الأَحْمَرُ وَالأَبْيَضُ وَالأَسْوَدُ وَبَيْنَ ذَلِكَ وَالسَّهْلُ وَالْحَزْنُ وَالْخَبِيثُ وَالطَّيِّبُ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ زَادَ فِي حَدِيثِ يَحْيَى ‏"‏ وَبَيْنَ ذَلِكَ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ وَالإِخْبَارُ فِي حَدِيثِ يَزِيدَ ‏.‏ ... • Abu Musa al-Ash’ari reported the Messenger of Allah (May peace be upon him) as saying : Allah created Adam from a handful which he took from the whole of the earth ; so the children of Adam are in accordance with the earth : some red, some white, some black, some a mixture, also smooth and rough, bad and good. Saheeeh Abu Dawud

6. Adam عليه السلام was created on Friday • عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، قَالَ أَخَذَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم بِيَدِي فَقَالَ ‏"‏ خَلَقَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ التُّرْبَةَ يَوْمَ السَّبْتِ وَخَلَقَ فِيهَا الْجِبَالَ يَوْمَ الأَحَدِ وَخَلَقَ الشَّجَرَ يَوْمَ الاِثْنَيْنِ وَخَلَقَ الْمَكْرُوهَ يَوْمَ الثُّلاَثَاءِ وَخَلَقَ النُّورَ يَوْمَ الأَرْبِعَاءِ وَبَثَّ فِيهَا الدَّوَابَّ يَوْمَ الْخَمِيسِ وَخَلَقَ آدَمَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ بَعْدَ الْعَصْرِ مِنْ يَوْمِ الْجُمُعَةِ فِي آخِرِ الْخَلْقِ وَفِي آخِرِ سَاعَةٍ مِنْ سَاعَاتِ الْجُمُعَةِ فِيمَا بَيْنَ الْعَصْرِ إِلَى اللَّيْلِ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ ... • Abu Haraira reported that Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) took hold of my hands and said: Allah, the Exalted and Glorious, created the clay on Saturday and He created the mountains on Sunday and He created the trees on Monday and He created the things entailing labour on Tuesday and created light on Wednesday and lie caused the animals to spread on Thursday and created Adam (peace be upon him) after 'Asr on Friday;the last creation at the last hour of the hours of Friday, i. e. between afternoon and night. Saheeh Muslim • Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) as saying: The best day on which the sun has risen is Friday; on it Adam was created, on it he was made to enter Paradise, on it he. was expelled from it.

7. Shaytaan’s Hatred Towards Adam عليه السلام • عَنْ أَنَسٍ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ ‏"‏ لَمَّا صَوَّرَ اللَّهُ آدَمَ فِي الْجَنَّةِ تَرَكَهُ مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ أَنْ يَتْرُكَهُ فَجَعَلَ إِبْلِيسُ يُطِيفُ بِهِ يَنْظُرُ مَا هُوَ فَلَمَّا رَآهُ أَجْوَفَ عَرَفَ أَنَّهُ خُلِقَ خَلْقًا لاَ يَتَمَالَكُ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ ... • Anas reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) as saying: When Allah fashioned Adam in Paradise, He left him as He liked him to leave. Then Iblis roamed round him to see what actually that was and when he found him hollow from within, he recognized that he had been created with a nature that he would not have control over himself.Saheeh Muslim • عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ ‏"‏ مَا مِنْ مَوْلُودٍ يُولَدُ إِلاَّ نَخَسَهُالشَّيْطَانُ فَيَسْتَهِلُّ صَارِخًا مِنْ نَخْسَةِالشَّيْطَانِ إِلاَّ ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ وَأُمَّهُ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ اقْرَءُوا إِنْ شِئْتُمْ ‏{‏ وَإِنِّي أُعِيذُهَا بِكَ وَذُرِّيَّتَهَا مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ الرَّجِيمِ‏}‏ ... • Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) as saying: No child is born but he is pricked by the satan and he begins to weep because of the pricking of the satan except the son of Mary and his mother. Saheeh Muslim • Enmity continues until the Day of Judgment • 22. and Shaitân (Satan) will Say when the matter has been decided: "Verily, Allâh promised You a Promise of truth. and I too promised you, but I betrayed you. I had no authority over You except that I called you, so You responded to Me. so blame Me not, but blame yourselves. I cannot help you, nor can You help Me. I deny Your former act In associating Me (Satan) as a partner with Allâh (by obeying Me In the life of the world). Verily, there is a painful torment for the Zâlimûn (polytheists and wrong-doers, etc.).“Ibrahim:22

8. Characteristics of Adam عليه السلام • عَنْرَسُولِاللَّهِصلىاللهعليهوسلم ‏.‏ فَذَكَرَأَحَادِيثَمِنْهَاوَقَالَرَسُولُاللَّهِصلىاللهعليهوسلم ‏"‏ خَلَقَاللَّهُعَزَّوَجَلَّآدَمَعَلَىصُورَتِهِطُولُهُسِتُّونَذِرَاعًافَلَمَّاخَلَقَهُقَالَاذْهَبْفَسَلِّمْعَلَىأُولَئِكَالنَّفَرِوَهُمْنَفَرٌمِنَالْمَلاَئِكَةِجُلُوسٌفَاسْتَمِعْمَايُجِيبُونَكَفَإِنَّهَاتَحِيَّتُكَوَتَحِيَّةُذُرِّيَّتِكَقَالَفَذَهَبَفَقَالَالسَّلاَمُعَلَيْكُمْفَقَالُواالسَّلاَمُعَلَيْكَوَرَحْمَةُاللَّهِ - قَالَ - فَزَادُوهُوَرَحْمَةُاللَّهِ - قَالَ - فَكُلُّمَنْيَدْخُلُالْجَنَّةَعَلَىصُورَةِآدَمَوَطُولُهُسِتُّونَذِرَاعًافَلَمْيَزَلِالْخَلْقُيَنْقُصُبَعْدَهُحَتَّىالآنَ ‏"‏ ... • Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) as saying: Allah, the Exalted and Glorious, created Adam in His own image with His length of sixty cubits, and as He created him He told him to greet that group, and that was a party of angels sitting there, and listen to the response that they give him, for it would form his greeting and that of his offspring. He then went away and said: Peace be upon you! They (the angels) said: May there be peace upon you and the Mercy of Allah, and they made an addition of" Mercy of Allah". So he who would get into Paradise would get in the form of ِAdam his length being sixty cubits, then the people who followed him continued to diminish in size up to this day. • Yusuf عليه السلام was given half of beauty • Some say that it means he was half as beautiful as Adam عليه السلام

9. Allah Made Adam عليه السلام and His Progeny His Khalifah on Earth • وَإِذْ قَالَ رَبُّكَ لِلْمَلَائِكَةِ إِنِّي جَاعِلٌ فِي الْأَرْضِ خَلِيفَةً • (30. And (remember) when your Lord said to the angels: "Verily, I am going to place (mankind) generations after generations on earth.''  • IbnKathir said that خليفة means “people reproducing generation after generation, century after century • قَالُوا أَتَجْعَلُ فِيهَا مَنْ يُفْسِدُ فِيهَا وَيَسْفِكُ الدِّمَاءَ وَنَحْنُ نُسَبِّحُ بِحَمْدِكَ وَنُقَدِّسُ لَكَ • (Will You place therein those who will make mischief therein and shed blood). • The angels did not question Allah’s decision but they did not understand the wisdom behind it • As Qatadahرحمه الله said This is only a question for the sake of learning about the wisdom of that, as if they said, Our Lord! What is the wisdom of creating such creatures since they will cause trouble in the earth and spill blood "If the wisdom behind this action is that You be worshipped, we praise and glorify You (meaning we pray to You) we never indulge in mischief, so why create other creatures''

10. How Did the Angels Know? • Abdullah ibnUmarرضي الله عنهما said “they saw what the jinn used to do before the creation of Adam عليه السلام” • Allah’s response was very sufficient and reminded them of their place • قَالَ إِنِّي أَعْلَمُ مَا لَا تَعْلَمُونَ (30) • (I know that which you do not know.) meaning, "I know that the benefit of creating this type of creature outweighs the harm that you mentioned, that which you have no knowledge of. I will create among them Prophets and send Messengers. I will also create among them truthful, martyrs, righteous believers, worshippers, the modest, the pious, the scholars who implement their knowledge, humble people and those who love Allah and follow His Messengers.''

11. Allah Will Make the Angels Witness to How He Has Blessed Mankind • The Sahih recorded that when the angels ascend to Allah with the records of the servant's deeds, Allah asks them, while having better knowledge, "How did you leave My servants'‘ • Why did Allah ask them even though He knows? • They will say, "We came to them while they were praying and left them while they were praying.'' This is because the angels work in shifts with mankind, and they change shifts during the Fajr and `Asr prayers. The angels who descended will remain with us, while the angels who have remained with us ascend with our deeds. The Messenger of Allah said, • «يُرْفَعُ إِلَيْهِ عَمَلُ اللَّيْلِ قَبْلَ النَّهَارِ وَعَمَلُ النَّهَارِ قَبْلَ اللَّيْل» • The deeds of the night are elevated to Allah before the morning, and the deeds of the morning before the night falls. ) • Hence, the angels' statement, "We came to them while they were praying and left them while they were praying,'' explains Allah's statement, • (I know that which you do not know.)

12. The Day of Arafahand questioning in the Grave • The Day of Arafah • 'A'isha (Allah be pleased with her) reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) as saying: There is no day when Allah sets free more servants from Hell than the Day of 'Arafa. He draws near, then praises them to the angels, saying: What do these want? • We know through authentic hadeeth that a person will be questioned in the grave • Some of the scholars say one of the wisdoms behind this questioning is showing the angels that there were believers from the progeny of Adam عليه السلام

13. Circles of Knowledge • Abu Huraira reported Allah's Apostle (may peace be upon him) as saying Allah has mobile (squads) of angels, who have no other work (to attend to but) to follow the assemblies of Dhikr and when they find such assemblies in which there is Dhikr (of Allah) they sit in them and some of them surround the others with their wings till the space between them and the sky of the world is fully covered, and when they disperse (after the assembly of Dhikr is adjourned) they go upward to the heaven and Allah, the Exalted and Glorious, asks them although He is best informed about them: • Where have you come from? They say: We come from Thine servants upon the earth who had been glorifying Thee (reciting Subhan Allah), uttering Thine Greatness (saying Allah o-Akbar) and uttering Thine Oneness (La ilaha ill Allah) and praising Thee (uttering al-HamduLillah) and begging of Thee. He would say: What do they beg of Me? They would say: They beg of Thee the Paradise of Thine. He (God) would say: Have they seen My Paradise? They said: No, our Lord. He would say: (What it would be then) if they were to see Mine Paradise? They (the angels) said: They seek Thine protection. He (the Lord) would say: Against what do they seek protection of Mine? They (the angels) would say: Our Lord, from the Hell-Fire.

14. Previous Hadeeth Continued • He (the Lord) would say: Have they seen My Fire? They would say: No. He (the Lord) would say: What it would be if they were to see My Fire? They would say: They beg of Thee forgiveness. He would say: I grant pardon to them, and confer upon them what they ask for and grant them protection against which they seek protection. • They (the angels) would again say: Our Lord, there is one amongst them such and such simple servant who happened to pass by (that assembly) and sat there along with them (who had been participating in that assembly). He (the Lord) would say: I also grant him pardon, for they are a people the person that sits with them is in no way unfortunate

15. Allah Taught Adam عليه السلام the Names of Everything • ﴿وَعَلَّمَ ءَادَمَ الأَسْمَآءَ كُلَّهَا﴾ • And He taught Adam all the names (of everything) • IbnAbbasرضي الله عنهما said (And He taught Adam all the names (of everything)) "Meaning, the names that people use, such as human, animal, sky, earth, land, sea, horse, donkey, and so forth, including the names of the other species. • Some scholars say that everything is referring to languages • ﴿ثُمَّ عَرَضَهُمْ عَلَى الْمَلَـئِكَةِ﴾ • Then He showed them to the angels) meaning, the objects or creations. Qatadahsaid, "Allah presented the objects before the angels, • ﴿فَقَالَ أَنبِئُونِى بِأَسْمَآءِ هَـؤُلاَءِ إِن كُنتُمْ صَـدِقِينَ﴾ • And said, "Tell Me the names of these if you are truthful'').

16. IbnKathir’s Commentary on How this Verse Relates to the Previous Verse • Allah's statement means, "Tell Me the names of what I paraded before you, O angels who said, • ﴿أَتَجْعَلُ فِيهَا مَن يُفْسِدُ فِيهَا وَيَسْفِكُ الدِّمَآءَ﴾ • Will You place therein those who will make mischief therein and shed blood). • You asked, `Are You appointing a Khalifah from us or from other creations We praise and glorify You. • Therefore, Allah said, "If you say the truth, that if I appoint a non-angel Khalifah on the earth, he and his offspring will disobey Me, commit mischief and shed blood, but if I designate you the Khalifahs you will obey Me, follow My command and honor and glorify Me. • However, since you do not know the names of the objects I presented before you, then you have even less knowledge of what will occur on the earth that does not exist yet.''

17. The Angels Quickly Recognized Allah’s Greatness and Wisdom • ﴿قَالُواْ سُبْحَـنَكَ لاَ عِلْمَ لَنَآ إِلاَّ مَا عَلَّمْتَنَآ إِنَّكَ أَنتَ الْعَلِيمُ الْحَكِيمُ ﴾ • They (angels) said: "Glory is to You, we have no knowledge except what you have taught us. Verily, it is You, the Knower, the Wise.''). • Here the angels are praising Allah's holiness, and perfection above every kind of deficiency, affirming that no creature could ever acquire any part of Allah's knowledge, except by His permission, nor could anyone know anything except what Allah teaches them. This is why they said, • ﴿سُبْحَـنَكَ لاَ عِلْمَ لَنَآ إِلاَّ مَا عَلَّمْتَنَآ إِنَّكَ أَنتَ الْعَلِيمُ الْحَكِيمُ﴾ • Glory is to You, we have no knowledge except what you have taught us. Verily You are the Knower, the Wise) meaning, Allah is knowledgeable of everything, Most Wise about His creation, and He makes the wisest decisions, and He teaches and deprives whom He wills from knowledge. Verily, Allah's wisdom and justice in all matters is perfect

18. Adam عليه السلام was able to fulfill Allah’s Command • قَالَ يَا آدَمُ أَنْبِئْهُمْ بِأَسْمَائِهِمْ فَلَمَّا أَنْبَأَهُمْ بِأَسْمَائِهِمْ • He said: "O Adam! Inform them of their names,'' and when he had informed them of their names, • Zaydbin Aslam said, "You are Jibril, you are Mika'il, you are Israfil, until he mentioned the name of the crow.'' Mujahid said that Allah's statement, • ﴿قَالَ يَـاءَادَمُ أَنبِئْهُم بِأَسْمَآئِهِمْ﴾ • He said: "O Adam! Inform them of their names,'') "The name of the pigeon, the crow and everything.'' When Adam's virtue over the angels became apparent, as he mentioned the names that Allah taught him, Allah said to the angels, • ﴿أَلَمْ أَقُل لَّكُمْ إِنِّي أَعْلَمُ غَيْبَ السَّمَـوَاتِ وَالاٌّرْضِ وَأَعْلَمُ مَا تُبْدُونَ وَمَا كُنتُمْ تَكْتُمُونَ﴾ • Did I not tell you that I know the Ghayb (unseen) in the heavens and the earth, and I know what you reveal and what you have been concealing) • This means, "Did I not state that I know the seen and unseen matters. '‘

19. Next Week In sha Allah • We will continue the Story of Adam عليه السلام • Try and come up with reasons why Iblees did not make Sajdah to Adam عليه السلام

20. Announcements • IIN • Saturday- Belief in the Messengers and Their Messages • Sunday-Fiqh of Family Life • 10:30-1 • Contact myself or Sr. BeenaFarid for more information and the syllabus for each course