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Korean War

Korean War. Landing and Invasion of Inchon. North Koreans pushed UN and South Korean forces to the area of Pusan Amphibious landing at Inchon http://www.thoughtequity.com/video/clip/1617571_026.do

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Korean War

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  1. Korean War

  2. Landing and Invasion of Inchon • North Koreans pushed UN and South Korean forces to the area of Pusan • Amphibious landing at Inchon • http://www.thoughtequity.com/video/clip/1617571_026.do • Success at Inchon leads to political problem: achieved objective of chasing North Koreans out of South Korea – what to do now • The decision to cross the 38th parallel into North Korea

  3. The 38th Parallel Decision to cross Decision not to cross • Communist control into South Korea intolerable due to potential threat to other countries • Democratic, unified, independent Korea • Thought was China would not intervene • Show the Soviet Union US resolve to stop spread of communism • North Korea continue to invade South Korea • Restore international peace • Risk general war or possible WWIII • Leave the UN and Korea in a stalemate – let the country be • China may intervene • US/UN felt did not have control over MacArthur • Bring democracy at a later time

  4. China Enters the War • General MacArthur leads the UN forces and South Korean troops into North Korea • Approach North Korea and Chinese border at the river of Yalu • November 25, 1950: 300,000 Chinese forces cross Yalu River forcing troops to retreat • January 4, 1951: Seoul lost for second time • 2 years of fighting - stalemate

  5. General Douglas MacArthur • 1950 – appointed commander of the United Nations forces • Disagreement with President Truman and Secretary of State Dean Acheson about the course of the war • Favored an attack on Chinese forces • Made inflammatory statements to the media about this disagreement • Truman relieved him of his command April 1951 – upon his return, address to Congress and ticker-tape parade

  6. The End of the War • March 1951: Matthew Ridgway, leader of the 8th army in Korea, charged with task of leading counteroffensive after MacArthur left • Able to push the North Koreans back to the 38th parallel • June 23, 1951: Soviet Union unexpectedly suggests cease fire • Agreements July 1951: • Ceasefire line at existing battle line • Establishment of demilitarized zone • Over the next year continued to argue but would eventually reach an agreement on exchange of prisoners

  7. Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) • July 1953, armistice ended Korean War and established the DMZ • Buffer between two countries to prevent future military conflict • Fortified, 2.4-by-151 mile border • Dotted with landmines and bunkers and crisscrossed barbed wire • Source of tension • 1963: US helicopter shot down after crossed North Korean territory; NK held pilots for year until US admitted violated armistice • 1976: North Korean troops beat to death two US military soldiers who had been trimming tree branches; Kim Il-Sung would eventually release statement calling the deaths “regrettable”

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