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Metric System

Metric System. Saturday, September 6, 2014. SI Units. Notes= Green. The basics. What is SI? SI stands for “Le S ystème i nternational d'unités” or The I nternational S ystem of Units. SI units are used throughout the world except in the United States and some of the United Kingdom.

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Metric System

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  1. Metric System Saturday, September 6, 2014

  2. SI Units Notes= Green

  3. The basics • What is SI? • SI stands for “Le Système international d'unités” or The International System of Units. • SI units are used throughout the world except in the United States and some of the United Kingdom.

  4. What are the SI units? • There are 5 major types of measurements: • Length • Mass • Volume • Temperature • Time

  5. What are the units?! • Length: Length is measured in METERS • Mass: Mass is measured in GRAMS • Volume: Volume is measured in LITERS • Temperature: Temperature is measured in DegreesCelsius

  6. SI vs English • The “English” system is what we are probably more familiar with. English units for the same measures are: • Length: inches/feet/yards/miles • Mass: ounces/pounds/tons • Volume: fluid ounce/cups/quarts/gallons • Temperature: Fahrenheit/Celsius • Time: Second

  7. Why use SI? • There is one key advantage of SI over English. • Metric (SI) units work in 10s, therefore it is very easy to convert from big units to small units and vice versa. • English units are not easy to convert. Can you easily convert one mile to inches?

  8. Moving between units • To change from one unit size or type to another is called a “conversion”. To help us learn conversions you will want to familiarize yourself with this saying: “King Henry Died (Monday) drinking chocolate milk” Or Kinky Haired Ducks (Under) Dads Car Motor

  9. Say What? • King: Kilo (meaning 1000) • Henry: Hecto (meaning 100) • Died: Deca (meaning 10) • Monday : the base unit (1) (Meters) • drinking: deci (meaning 1/10) • chocolate: centi (meaning 1/100) • milk: milli (meaning 1/1000)

  10. Or What? • Kinky: Kilo (meaning 1000) • Haired: Hecto (meaning 100) • Ducks: Deca (meaning 10) • Under : the base Unit (1) • Dads: deci (meaning 1/10) • Car: centi (meaning 1/100) • Motor: milli (meaning 1/1000)

  11. And their symbols/abbreviations…

  12. Life examples • Create this chart in your notebook to take up a ½ page.

  13. Fill it out! • Take the next 10 minutes to think of items you could measure using each box! • Helpful starters: • 1 gram= 1 paperclip • 1 liter= 1 bottle of water • 1 meter= 1 meter stick

  14. Basics

  15. Metric System • The metric system is based on a base unit that corresponds to a certain kind of measurement • Length = meter • Volume = liter • Weight (Mass) = gram

  16. Metric System • Prefixes plus base units make up the metric system • Example: • Centi + meter = Centimeter • Kilo + liter = Kiloliter

  17. Metric System • The three prefixes that we will use the most are: • kilo • centi • milli

  18. Metric System • So if you needed to measure length you would choose meter as your base unit • Length of a tree branch • 1.5 meters • Length of a room • 5 meters • Length of a ball of twine stretched out • 25 meters

  19. Metric System • But what if you need to measure a longer distance, like from your house to school? • Let’s say you live approximately 10 miles from school • 10 miles = 16093 meters • 16093 is a big number, but what if you could add a prefix onto the base unit to make it easier to manage: • 16093 meters = 16.093 kilometers (or 16.1 if rounded to 1 decimal place)

  20. Metric System • These prefixes are based on powers of 10. What does this mean? • From each prefix every “step” is either: • 10 times larger or • 10 times smaller • For example • Centimeters are 10 times larger than millimeters • 1 centimeter = 10 millimeters

  21. Metric System • Centimeters are 10 times larger than millimeters so it takes more millimeters for the same length 1 centimeter = 10 millimeters Example not to scale 40 41 41 40 40 1 cm

  22. Metric System • For each “step” to right, you are multiplying by 10 • For example, let’s go from a base unit to centi 1 liter = 10 deciliters = 100 centiliters 2 grams = 20 decigrams = 200 centigrams ( 1 x 10 = 10) = (10 x 10 = 100) (2 x 10 = 20) = (20 x 10 = 200)

  23. Metric System • An easy way to move within the metric system is by moving the decimal point one place for each “step” desired Example: change meters to centimeters 1 meter = 10 decimeters = 100 centimeters or 1.00 meter = 10.0 decimeters = 100. centimeters

  24. Metric System • Now let’s try our previous example from meters to kilometers: 16093 meters = 1609.3 decameters = 160.93 hectometers = 16.093 kilometers • So for every “step” from the base unit to kilo, we moved the decimal 1 place to the left (the same direction as in the diagram below)

  25. Metric System • If you move to the left in the diagram, move the decimal to the left • If you move to the right in the diagram, move the decimal to the right

  26. Metric System • Now let’s start from centimeters and convert to kilometers 400000 centimeters = 4 kilometers 400000 centimeters = 4.00000 kilometers

  27. Metric System • Now let’s start from meters and convert to kilometers 4000 meters = 4 kilometers • Now let’s start from centimeters and convert to meters • 4000 centimeters = 40 meters

  28. Metric System • Now let’s start from meters and convert to centimeters 5 meters = 500 centimeters • Now let’s start from kilometers and convert to meters • .3 kilometers = 300 meters

  29. Metric System • Now let’s start from kilometers and convert to millimeters 4 kilometers = 4000000 millimeters or 4 kilometers = 40 hectometers = 400 decameters = 4000 meters = 40000 decimeters = 400000 centimeters = 4000000 millimeters

  30. Metric Abbreviations

  31. Metric System • Summary • Base units in the metric system are meter, liter, gram • Metric system is based on powers of 10 • For conversions within the metric system, each “step” is 1 decimal place to the right or left • Using the diagram below, converting to the right, moves the decimal to the right and vice versa

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