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Matter

Matter. Anything that has mass and takes up space (volume). Properties of Matter. Physical Property Any property of matter that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the matter Examples color shape taste density state/phase. D = M V.

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Matter

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  1. Matter Anything that has mass and takes up space (volume)

  2. Properties of Matter Physical Property • Any property of matter that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the matter • Examples color shape taste density state/phase D = M V

  3. 5 Physical States of Matter • Bose-Einstein • Solid • Liquid • Gas • Plasma (Newest State)

  4. Exist at extremely cold temperatures (around absolute zero or -460 oF) Particles are super unexcited Particles lock or “clump” together so firmly that they move as a single unit Definite shape and volume (?) Bose-Einstein Condensate

  5. Particles are tightly compact Particles vibrate without the ability to move freely Definite shape and volume Solid Animation Solid

  6. Particles are tightly compact, but able to move around close to each other No definite shape, but definite volume Liquid Animation Liquid

  7. Particles can easily spread out or move close together Particle move freely and with a lot of energy No definite shape or volume Gas Simulation Gas

  8. Exist at extremely high temperatures (several million degrees Celsius) Particles are broken apart Particles move freely and with extremely high energy This form is not too common on earth, however it is the most common form of matter in the universe No definite shape or volume? Examples: Florescent and neon lights, lightning, aurora borealis Plasma Why do you think this is the most common form/state of matter in the universe?

  9. Energy and the States of Matter • The physical states of matter result from the amount of energy the particles composing the matter have. Basically, more energy means more movement for the particles and less energy means less movement. • Energy/Temperature and Matter If you were to compare an ice cube and the steam created from boiling water, which would you think has more energy?

  10. States of Matter Continuum What about this continuum could be considered a little misleading? Taken from: http://www.chem4kids.com/files/matter_becondensate.html

  11. Properties of Matter Chemical Property • Any property of matter that describes a substance based on its ability to change into a new substance • Examples flammability reactivity with vinegar reactivity with oxygen Iron + Oxygen  Iron oxide (rust) 2Fe + 3O2  Fe2O3

  12. Chemical or Physical Property? • Paper is white • Boiling point of H2O is 100oC • Zinc reacts with hydrochloric acid and creates hydrogen gas • Nitrogen does not burn • Sulfur smells like rotten eggs Physical Property Physical Property Chemical Property Chemical Property Physical Property

  13. Comparing Physical and Chemical Properties

  14. Changes in Matter Physical Change • a change in shape, size, color, or state • a change without a change in chemical composition • a change that is reversible • The Mixtures Lab • Examples tearing paper cutting your hair change in state

  15. Changes in States(Physical Changes) Why do you think Bose-Einstein and plasma are not equally distanced from the other three states of matter? Plasma Disposition Vaporization (Evaporation/Boiling) Gas Liquid Condensation Melting Solid Freezing Sublimation Bose-Einstein All changes in state require a change in energy

  16. States of Matter Simulation Simulation 1 Simulation 2 This is what happens when energy is added and taken away

  17. Changes in Matter Chemical Change • a change in which a substance becomes another substance having different properties • a change that is not reversible using ordinary physical means • Changes that usually cause heat, sound, light, odor, fizzing/foaming, color changes You usually need more than one of the above characteristics to be considered a chemical change! • Examples combining sulfuric acid and sugar burning a piece of wood soured milk

  18. Chemical or Physical Change? • Bending a Paper Clip • Baking a cake • The sublimation of carbon dioxide • Crushing an aluminum can • Vinegar and baking soda combining to create salt and water Physical Change Chemical Change Physical Change Physical Change Chemical Change

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