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Islam After Muhammad’s Death

Islam After Muhammad’s Death . Vocabulary. Caliph Shi’a /Shiite Sunni. Leave 2-4 blank lines next to each of these terms (We’ll define them later). Skimming a reading passage. You don’t need to copy this down in your notes. Purpose of Skimming & How-to:.

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Islam After Muhammad’s Death

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  1. Islam After Muhammad’s Death

  2. Vocabulary • Caliph • Shi’a/Shiite • Sunni Leave 2-4 blank lines next to each of these terms (We’ll define them later)

  3. Skimming a reading passage You don’t need to copy this down in your notes

  4. Purpose of Skimming & How-to: • Purpose: to get the main ideas of a passage without reading through the entire thing • How to skim: • Read the first and/or last sentence of every paragraph (For a longer reading passage, also read through the first & last paragraphs of the passage) • Look at headings, maps, & charts as you read • Pay attention to any underlined or bold words

  5. Practice with pp. 100-101 (textbook) Instructions: Skim through pages 100-101 of your textbook. Be able to answer the following questions: What is a Caliph? Why were the Muslims successful? What was Muslim rule like?

  6. Practice with pp. 100-101 (book) • What is a Caliph? • Title that means “successor” (of Muhammad) • Why were the Muslims successful? • Their armies were disciplined and they had skilled leaders • Byzantine & Persian empires tired from fighting each other • What was Muslim rule like? • Blending of cultures • Jews Christians got special treatment but couldn’t convert others

  7. Islam’s Schism: Sunni & Shi’a

  8. What caused the schism (split) in Islam?? • Guesses? Ideas?

  9. After the first 4 caliphs… • Umayyadfamily took power after death of Ali (Muhammad’s cousin & son-in-law) • Founded Umayyad dynasty (we’ll hear more about them later) • Moved capital from Medina to Damascus • Umayyads’ actions dividing Islam • Some Arabs unhappy with new capital (too far) • Others thought Umayyads abandoned earlier Bedouin ways & too concerned with luxury

  10. Sunni & Shiite • Sunnis • Followed Umayyads & accepted rule of elected caliphs b/c they wanted peace • Shiites • Rejected Umayyads & thought caliph should always be related to Muhammad by blood • Ali was the last true caliph • Both Sunnis & Shiites read & followed the Qur’an & Sunnah

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