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End of the War

End of the War. Yalta Conference Death of F.D.R Harry Truman V-E Day Potsdam Conference Manhattan Project Robert Oppenheimer Hiroshima Nagasaki V-J Day. Yalta Conference. Close to victory in ’45 Stalin, Churchill, and FDR meet at Yalta to discuss division of Europe

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End of the War

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  1. End of the War • Yalta Conference • Death of F.D.R • Harry Truman • V-E Day • Potsdam Conference • Manhattan Project • Robert Oppenheimer • Hiroshima • Nagasaki • V-J Day

  2. Yalta Conference • Close to victory in ’45 • Stalin, Churchill, and FDR meet at Yalta to discuss division of Europe • Stalin wanted to punish Germany and divide Germany into occupied zones • Churchill strongly disagreed • FDR mediated

  3. Yalta cont. • FDR wanted: • Soviets to join war against Japan • Soviet support for the new UN • Agreed to temp. division of Germany • British, Soviet, and US • Stalin promised free elections in Poland and agreed to enter into the war with Japan

  4. Harry S Truman • FDR died April 12, 1945 • Truman took over • FDR left Truman on the outside of most decisions • No Knowledge of the Manhattan Project

  5. Victory in Europe • V-E Day May 8, 1945 • Soviets moved in and took Berlin • Hitler committed suicide and left orders that his body be burned

  6. Potsdam Conference • July ’45 • “Big 3” met again • Churchill's party had lost elections • Churchill was replaced as P.M. • Stalin had changed • Probably knew of A-bomb • Hadn’t intended to provide Poland with free elections

  7. Manhattan Project • Led by J.Robert Oppenheimer • Top secret project • First test was July 16, 1945 • Truman ordered the dropping of two bombs

  8. Manhattan Project cont. • August 6, 1945 • b-29 “Enola Gay” dropped “little boy” on Hiroshima • Leveled the city • Japan refused to surrender • Three days later “fat man” dropped on Nagasaki • 200,000 people died • Sept. 2, 1945 Japan signed the surrender aboard the USS Missouri in Tokyo Bay • V-J Day

  9. Occupation of Japan • MacArthur controlled Japan after the war • 1,100 Japanese were tried for war crimes • 7 sentenced to death, including Tojo, for atrocities against civilians or P.O.W.s • 7 year occupation of Japan by MacArthur • Introduced: • Free market economy • New constitution • Women’s suffrage • Basic freedoms

  10. The Emperor was allowed to continue to help the transition from the old world to the new democracy Had to admit to not being a god Occupation of Japan cont.

  11. Paying for the War in Europe • 24 surviving Nazi leaders were put on trial for : • Crimes against Humanity • Murder • Enslavement • Extermination • War Crimes • Killing hostages • Plundering private property • Destruction of towns and cities • Crimes against the Peace • Planning and waging an aggressive war

  12. Nuremburg Trials • Trials of German war criminals took place in Nuremburg, Germany • The court panel was made up of judges from the victorious countries • 12 of 24 sentenced to death • Remaining sent to prison • 200 more Nazis were found guilty of war crimes

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