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Essential Question

Essential Question. Why did the U.S. declare war on Britain in 1812?.

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Essential Question

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  1. Essential Question Why did the U.S. declare war on Britain in 1812?

  2. I assert, and gentlemen know it, if we submit to the pretensions of England, now openly avowed, the independence of this country is lost—we will be, as to our commerce, re-colonized. This is the second struggle for our liberty ; and if we but do justice to ourselves, it will be no less glorious and successful than the first. George Washington, March 20, 1793 John C. Calhoun, May 6th, 1812 John F. Kennedy, March 4th, 1962 Henry Clay, May 8, 1811 John Murtha, April 4th, 2004 Who said it?

  3. “War Hawk” John C. Calhoun, May 6th, 1812

  4. “But is war the true remedy? Who will profit by it? Speculators; A few lucky merchants, who draw prizes in the lottery; commissaries and contractors. Who must suffer by it? The people. It is their blood, their taxes, that must flow to support it.” George Washington, 1793 John Randolph, 1811 John F. Kennedy, March 4th, 1962 Henry Clay, 1811 John Murtha, 2004 Who said it?

  5. U.S. Representative John Randolph, 1811

  6. British naval ships were capturing sailors from American ships and forcing them into impressments, or forced military service This angered and insulted many Americans War on the horizon:British Impressments

  7. Tecumseh was a Shawnee chief who fought the United States when Americans moved onto land his people claimed Indiana Territory Governor William Henry Harrison led an army that destroyed his village War on the horizon:Tecumseh

  8. The “War Hawks” such as southern Congressmen John C. Calhoun and Henry Clay, wanted to go to war with Britain. They said Britain was behind Tecumseh’s uprising Others such as Congressman John Randolph opposed the war Most felt the U.S. wasn’t ready to fight the powerful Great Britain They encouraged an embargo on British goods War on the Horizon:The Debate

  9. A declaration of war • President James Madison asked Congress to declare war on Great Britain on June 1, 1812 • A few days later representatives of southern and western states voted for war while most of the northern states voted for peace

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