1 / 12

Item B: Bed Operations packed bed & fluidized bed 填充 床與流體化 床

Item B: Bed Operations packed bed & fluidized bed 填充 床與流體化 床. 填充床 (packed bed, fixed bed 固定床 ), 流體化床 (fluidized bed) – solid phase, gas phase, liquid phase 用途 : 吸附 / 吸收 / 蒸餾 (mass transfer 質傳操作 ), 反應 (e.g. 燃燒 / 煆燒 ), ion-exchange bed 逆洗去除雜質 , ….

harris
Télécharger la présentation

Item B: Bed Operations packed bed & fluidized bed 填充 床與流體化 床

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Item B: Bed Operationspacked bed & fluidized bed填充床與流體化床

  2. 填充床 (packedbed,fixedbed固定床), 流體化床 (fluidizedbed)–solidphase,gasphase,liquidphase • 用途: 吸附/吸收/蒸餾 (mass transfer 質傳操作), 反應 (e.g. 燃燒/煆燒), ion-exchange bed逆洗去除雜質, …. • 關心的項目:pressuredrop(flowresistance),reactionrate(oradsorptionrate,or..)(extentofreaction);mass transfer rate (質傳速率 ~ in general related to diffusion rate, surface area of solid); materialloss(solidmaterial); • 單操實驗:先關心基本的壓降(壓降不正常的後果?)

  3. 堆積物當然也可以是粉粒體, e.g. 觸媒粒子 • 此圖例子為氣液相逆流, 所示堆積物多用於蒸餾

  4. 原則上影響填充床壓降者: 填充物尺寸, 堆積密度 (random packing, ordered packing, etc. 壓降與接觸面積之間的妥協), 流體速度, 流體特性 (especiallyviscosity); • 單一流體時的壓降 Ergunequation:viscous force and inertia force之和 • R/ρu2 = 4.17/Re + 0.29 (f = 64/Re for flow through a pipe) R: drag force on unit area of packed material

  5. L’ 表示也有液體流過;G‘superficialgasmassvelocity • 乾溼塔操作不同

  6. Loading point – 此時壓降斜率開始明顯增加; 氣體實際流速必然快許多;液體holdup也比然增加許多; • Flooding point - 液體開始流不下去,stayontop; 氣體開始以bubble方式通過; 逐漸開始出現泡沫, 氣體會帶走一些液體; • idealoperation: 應該稍低於loadingpoint

  7. GeneralizedpressuredropandfloodingpointcurvesfromEckert •  主要correlateL'&G'

  8. 流體化床: 基本上以氣固相為主; 流體與固體粒子充分接觸, 但接觸時間可能很短 (反應速度必須快) • 底部多為porous plate 除一開始支撐粒子外, 也可以順便均勻分散氣體之流動 • 固體粒子有被帶出的可能性; 一般操作都需要加裝回收粒子設備, 諸如cyclone • 實驗項目: 最小流體化速度, 終端速度(terminalvelocity)

  9. Fixedbedtoexpandedbedtominimumfluidizationtopneumatictransport; bubbling fluidization; two-phase theory of fluidization; slurry transport or pneumatic transport

  10. 堆積情形會影響壓降 • 正常操作壓降即為weightofbed/crossarea=W/A • bedheight 會逐漸增加, 最後粒子會被吹走

  11. emf and umf: minimum fluidization 對應的狀況 • 為精確的得到umf宜先讓bedfluidized, 然後再重複之 • Φs sphericity球型度 (為求簡化可以假設為1) • Forroughlysphericalparticles,εmf~0.40-0.45

  12. Terminal velocity 的一些經驗式 Forspheres&εm=0.45,terminalvelocity 大約是minimumfluidizationvelocity的50倍, Rep > 103, 則只有7.7倍

More Related