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W4/4/12; M4/9/07 ; W4/23/08; F4/3/09; T4/20/10; T4/5/11

W4/4/12; M4/9/07 ; W4/23/08; F4/3/09; T4/20/10; T4/5/11. Vietnam War ( Ch. 30.4 & 31.1; pp. 861-874 ) Q: Why was the Vietnam War so controversial? Q: How did it impact American society?. I. Background. A. Pre-U.S. 19 th C – French Indochina WWI – Versailles Ho Chi Minh

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W4/4/12; M4/9/07 ; W4/23/08; F4/3/09; T4/20/10; T4/5/11

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  1. W4/4/12; M4/9/07; W4/23/08; F4/3/09; T4/20/10; T4/5/11 Vietnam War (Ch. 30.4 & 31.1; pp. 861-874) Q: Why was the Vietnam War so controversial? Q: How did it impact American society?

  2. I. Background A. Pre-U.S. • 19th C – French Indochina • WWI – Versailles • Ho Chi Minh • nat’l→ comm. • WWII – Japan • post-WWII – French • Dienbienphu – 1954 – Fr. leave

  3. I. Background(cont.) B. Early U.S. Involvement • Geneva Agreement • 4 countries (Laos, Cambodia, N. Vietnam, S. Vietnam) • election w/in 2 years • South Vietnam • Bo Diem – unpopular, not comm. • Ho Chi Minh • studies GW’s tactics • guerilla warfare • elaborate tunnels • Ho Chi Minh Trail • unconventional war • Troop Involvement • Ike - ≤ 1,000 • JFK – 900 → 16K • LBJ – 500K – 1968

  4. II. Escalation of War A. Gulf of Tonkin Resolution – 1964 • “all necessary measures” • Congressional approval? B. Enemy • North Vietnam • NVA – Army regulars – N • NLF – Viet Cong – “VC” – “Charlie” – S

  5. II. Escalation of War(cont.) C. Role of Television • 1st war on TV (Korea limited) • daily violence & carnage • nightly body bags & death count • war of attrition • no end in sight • credibility gap • generational split • will to fight

  6. III. Protests A. Overview • vocal minority • seen on TV B. Early Years (pre-1968) • U. of Mich – 1965 • 1st protests • SDS (Students for a Democratic Society) • began at UC Berkeley • spread to most college campuses by 1968 – Why? • baby boom • idealistic, drafted • Impact of C.R. movement • draft cards burned • Canada • YIPPIES (YIP)

  7. III. Protests (cont.) D. Turning Point - 1968 • Tet Offensive – 1968 • turning point • surprise • portrayal on TV • most retaken • “no end in sight” • impact on Election of 1968 • [more tomorrow]

  8. III. Protests (cont.) D. Turning Point (cont.) • Kent State – 1970 • Announced invasion of Cambodia • Massive protests nationwide • 4 killed by Nat’l Guard (“four dead in Ohio…”) • Initial reaction – “should have shot more…”

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