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Definition

Definition. What is abnormal? Video of “Ken” How do we know when behavior is abnormal? When do we usually call it abnormal?. Abnormal Behavior?. Implicit in the Behavior Deviation from Norms Statistical Rarity (Infrequency) Harmful Subjective Distress Impairment of Functioning.

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Definition

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Definition • What is abnormal? • Video of “Ken” • How do we know when behavior is abnormal? • When do we usually call it abnormal?

  2. Abnormal Behavior? • Implicit in the Behavior • Deviation from Norms • Statistical Rarity (Infrequency) • Harmful • Subjective Distress • Impairment of Functioning

  3. Psychological Disorder? • Difference between disorder and abnormal behavior? • Working Definition • Behavior that results in dysfunction, impairment, and/or distress beyond what is culturally expected

  4. Myths and Misconceptions • No Single Definition of Psychological Abnormality • No Single Definition of Psychological Normality • Many Myths Are Associated With Mental Illness • Lazy, crazy, dumb • Weak in character • Dangerous to self or others • Mental illness is a hopeless situation

  5. Scientist-Practitioner Model • Science of Psychology? • Of abnormal behavior? • Description • Causation (Explanation and Prediction) • Treatment/Outcome (Control)

  6. Historical Overview

  7. Overview of Historical Conceptions • Major Psychological Disorders Have Existed • In all cultures • Across all time periods • The Causes and Treatment of Abnormal Behavior Varied Widely • Across cultures • Across time periods • Particularly as a function of prevailing paradigms or world views • Three Dominant Traditions Include: Supernatural, Biological, and Psychological

  8. Historical Notes • Supernatural Explanations • Deviant Behavior a Battle Between “Good” and “Evil” • Exorcism, Torture, Crude Surgeries (?) • Ancient Greeks • Biological Model • Hippocrates and Galen • “Wandering Uterus” • Humoral Theory

  9. Historical Notes (2) • Middle Ages • Possession • Make body uninhabitable • St. Vitus’ Dance

  10. Historical Notes (3) • Renaissance • Witch Hunts • Astrology (Paracelsus) • “Lunatic” • Institutionalization • Bethlehem Hospital (“Bedlam”)

  11. Historical Notes (4) • 18th and 19th Centuries • Moral Therapy • Pinel, Pussin, Rush • Dix • Return of the Biological Model • General Paresis • Syphillis • Pasteur • Early Treatments • Insulin/ECT

  12. Consequences of the Biological Tradition • Biological Causes (Brain) • Mental Illness = Physical Illness • Not Psychological • Medical View and Language • Disease model • Interventions • Biological • Insulin shock therapy, ECT, and brain surgery (i.e., lobotomy) • Since 1950’s medication • Or none at all

  13. Psychological Influences • Mesmer • Moral Therapy • Charcot • Psychoanalysis • Freud • Neo-Freudians

  14. Psychological Influences (2) • Behavioral Model • Comparative psychology • Pavlov, Watson, Skinner • Humanistic Movement • Third force • Maslow, Rogers, Perls

  15. Reconciliation? • Multidimensional Integration • Biopsychosocial • Multiply Determined • Reciprocal Causation • What about the Supernatural Tradition?

  16. Big Picture Issues to Consider • Psychogenic – Somatogenic • Biological tx – Psychological tx • Reductionistic – Holistic • Labeling – Antilabeling • Nomothetic – Idiographic • Reality focused – Subjectivity • Intrapsychic – Interpersonal (Social) • Internal – External • Individualism – Collectivism

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