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Learn the fundamentals of XML, including its development, support, and use as a standard format for data exchange. Explore XML elements and how they structure documents, as well as the creation of new markup languages. Get familiar with XML vocabularies for describing various types of data.
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XML Basics • The Extensible Markup Language (XML) was developed in 1996 by the World Wide Web Consortium’s (W3C’s) XML Working Group. • XML is a widely supported open technology (i.e., nonproprietary technology) for describing data that has become the standard format for data exchanged between applications over the Internet. • XML permits document authors to create markup (i.e., a text-based notation for describing data) for virtually any type of information, enabling them to create entirely new markup languages for describing any type of data, such as mathematical formulas, software configurationinstructions, chemical molecular structures, music, news, recipes and financial reports. • XML describes data in a way that human beings can understand and computers can process.
XML Elements • XML documents contain text that represents content (i.e., data), such as John and elements that specify the document’s structure, such as firstName. • XML documents delimit elements with start tags and end tags. • A start tag consists of the element name in angle brackets (e.g., <player> and <firstName>). • An end tag consists of the element name preceded by a forward slash (/) in angle brackets (e.g., </firstName> and </player>). • Every XML document must have exactly one root element that contains all the other elements. Here, the root element is player
