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Echinoderms

Animals Chapter 2 Section 5 (p. 73-76). Echinoderms. V ocabulary. Echinoderm : radially symmetrical invertebrate that lives on the ocean floor Endoskeleton : spiny internal skeleton made of plates that contain calcium Water vascular system :

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Echinoderms

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  1. Animals Chapter 2 Section 5 (p. 73-76) Echinoderms

  2. Vocabulary • Echinoderm: • radially symmetrical invertebrate that lives on the ocean floor • Endoskeleton: • spiny internal skeleton made of plates that contain calcium • Water vascular system: • fluid-filled tubes within the echinoderm’s body

  3. The “Spiny Skinned” Animals • Echinoderms consist of • Sea stars • Sea urchins • sand dollars • Sea cucumbers • Characteristics • Radially symmetrical • Invertebrate • Live on the ocean floor

  4. The “Spiny Skinned” Animals • Skin supported by an endoskeleton • Well numerous plates • Well defined rows

  5. The “Spiny Skinned” Animals • Adult echinoderms have unique radial symmetry • Multiples of five • Arranged like the spokes on a wheel

  6. Internal Fluid System • Water Vascular System • Fluid filled tubes within the body • Tubes contract squeezing water to tube feet • External parts of the water vascular system

  7. Water Vascular System • Ends of tube feet are sticky • Small sticky suction cups when water filled • This enables tube feet to grip the surface • Tube feet used to move slowly along ocean floor

  8. Radial Symmetry • Echinoderm has not have a front with sense organs • Respond to food, mates or predators from any direction

  9. Reproduction • Either male or female • Female releases eggs into sea water • Male releases sperm • Eggs fertilized in the water • Eggs develop into tiny swimming larvae • Undergo metamorphosis and become adults

  10. Sea Stars • Predators • Eat mollusks, crabs and other echinoderms • Use arms and tube feet to capture prey • Pulls closed shells apart • Forces stomach though its mouth and into the shell • Digestive chemicals break down the food • Sucks the food into its stomach

  11. Sea Stars • Regeneration: • Can regrow an arm if lost • Some sea stars reproduce by splitting into many parts • Regrow the missing parts

  12. Brittle Stars • Close relative to sea star • Five long skinny arms • Flexible joints • Can regenerate limbs • Tube feet have no suction cups • Used for catching food, not moving • Move by moving arms on ground

  13. Sand Dollars • Have no arms • Look like large coins • Flat bodies covered with spines • Used to burrow in sand

  14. Sea Urchins • Body covered with movable spines • Spines cover central shell • Move by using bands of tube feet that extend between spines • Five teeth project from mouth • Scrape algae, crush coral and mollusk shells • Dig into crevises to hide

  15. Sea Cucumber • Look like leathery skinned cucumber • Live on sandy or rocky ocean floor • Colors: red, brown, blue or green • Soft flexible bodies • Tube feet on the underside • Used for crawling

  16. Sea Cucumber • Mouth at one end surrounded by tentacles • Filter feeder • Lengthens tentacles to sweep food to mouth • Retracts tentacles back into body

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