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17 June 2011 Michael Samson msamson@epri.za

Socio Economic Policies For Child Rights With Equity Royal Orchid Sheraton Hotel & Towers Bangkok, Thailand 13 – 17 June 2011. Specific issues in implementing social protection programmes. 17 June 2011 Michael Samson msamson@epri.org.za. Overview.

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17 June 2011 Michael Samson msamson@epri.za

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  1. Socio Economic Policies For Child Rights With EquityRoyal Orchid Sheraton Hotel & Towers Bangkok, Thailand13 – 17 June 2011 Specific issues in implementing social protection programmes 17 June 2011 Michael Samson msamson@epri.org.za

  2. Overview

  3. Designing social transfers within a broader development planning framework Intra- sectoral linkages Inter- sectoral linkages Inter- sectoral linkages

  4. Biological transmission mechanisms of social protection

  5. Around the world social protection improves educational outcomes

  6. …and health outcomes SOURCE: IFPRI

  7. Social protection programmes can include any of five possible elements

  8. An implementation model Examples from Indonesia, Nepal, South Africa and Brazil Admin Delivery Single Registry Rights M&E

  9. Core implementation systems for a social transfer system Overlap and interface: Enrolment External Databases Component 1: Administration Determine Eligibility Registration Process Single Registry Enrolment Process Payments Database • How do you register people? • survey approach • on-demand approach Payments System Component 2: Payments Processes

  10. Delivery systems--Case 1: Debit card accounts • Debit Card is a basic transaction bank account product targeted specifically at the needs of social grant recipients • Features: • No minimum balance requirement. • SASSA pays $1.50 per month per account; includes two free withdrawals per month at ABSA ATM’s or usage at POS with ABSA merchants • Usable at any other bank ATM for fee or VISA POS • Takeup: More than two-thirds of grant recipients in main province; now in others too • ABSA actively cross sells other financial services to its recipient client base; • Accounts are also offered to non-recipient clients as well. • Source: BFA (2006,2008)

  11. Case 2: Smart card at agents • HSN is a new pilot scheme which pays bi-monthly to households in arid N and NE of Kenya • Payment is made by Equity Bank, via a bank account which is accessed via a smart card • Smart card can be accessed via agents (shop keepers) appointed by bank in areas where there are • Followed a specialized procurement process which incentivized financial inclusion • Source: Ferrand (2007), Pulver (2008)

  12. Case 3: Mobile phones • DDR scheme paid follow-on demobilization allowance of $25 pm to 75 000 retired soldiers in DRC • Review 2007: meant to disburse through 8000 airtime agents but liquidity limited outside Kinshasa so became a cash payment scheme using mobile vehicle • Leakage considered low; cost 10-15% even in very low infrastructure environment • Source: BFA (2008a)

  13. Programme risk (Fiduciary risk) Fraud Improper allocation of funds Fiduciary Risk Failure to achieve primary objectives Inadequate oversight

  14. Rights protection • Independence • Effectiveness • Competence • Authority • Resources Examples from Mexico, South Africa, Kenya, India

  15. Complementary programmes • Birth registration • Fee waivers for vital services • Improved service infrastructure • Linking in awareness • Livelihoods linkages • Home-grown school feeding • Promoting the “supply” response • Targeted inputs • Small scale industrial strategy Examples from Brazil, South Africa, Senegal, Malawi

  16. The role of pilots and M&E

  17. CONCLUSIONS • Developmental delivery systems • Role for complementary programmes • Role of public/private co-operation • The importance of a communications strategy • Again, learn from global lessons of experience – but ground the programme in the nation’s social and policy context

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