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BUDGET – DALIT CHILDREN Equity & Inclusion

BUDGET – DALIT CHILDREN Equity & Inclusion. Annie Namala Centre for Equity & Inclusion. Concerns - Issues. What does budget allocation have to do with the growth and development of Dalit children?

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BUDGET – DALIT CHILDREN Equity & Inclusion

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  1. BUDGET – DALIT CHILDRENEquity & Inclusion Annie Namala Centre for Equity & Inclusion

  2. Concerns - Issues • What does budget allocation have to do with the growth and development of Dalit children? • When we track children’s budget, why should we be tracking SC, ST and Muslim children in particular? • What does the budget give to Dalit children today- what it does not give • How do we promote equity & inclusion ?

  3. Does Budget Allocation have anything to do with this? • Only about one-third of the Dalit children who enroll in Std. 1 complete 10 years of school (vs half of nonSC/ST children) • In 1990-91 77.7% Dalit children in India dropped out at class VIII, in 2004-05 about 71% still drop out in class VIII • NFHS 3 shows that more than half the Dalit children are anaemic. • Only about 18% had received Vit. A in the last six months

  4. What does the budget do? • It reflects the national priorities, the philosophy. It guides development. • In our planned economy, the state budget decides who/which sector will develop –how • It is the means to equity and inclusion • For long it has been left to state, now civil society, including marginalised sections

  5. 1950 to 1980 • Recognition of inequalities, prohibitions, of caste and untouchability and of Adivasis • In addition to universal provisions for women and children, special provisions • Provisions were protective, retributive and promotional • By 70s it was realized that provisions were not reaching and these sections lagged behind

  6. SCP and TSP • 1975 –conference of state ministers called for quantification of schemes and benefits from each general sector for SCs and STs • From 6th plan every ministry/department at union and state/ut to allocate proportionate to population (16%) of funds for SCP. • Centre tops up the allocation with SCA • The allocation is to family oriented income generating schemes for econ. Devt. • Funds are non-divertible

  7. SCP -SCSP • Special budget head • State and district monitoring committees with MLA/MP, prominent SC personnel/social worker, NGO, PRI reps. • The above committee to identify the development needs of SCs in the area • The schemes to be evaluated and lapses addressed

  8. Allocation under SCSP • Funds are consistently under allocated – only about 4-6% in the union govt. and 10-12% in the state govt. • In 2007-08, Union budget only 12535 crores instead of 32,816 crores • only 6 ministries allocated, 9 ministries made notional budget, 49 did not allocate • The allocation crosses 10% in the 6 ministries – SJE, Labour, WCD, Edu., HFW

  9. Budget Denial is Development Denial • Allocation does not match the demand – 2007-08, 5756 cr to school edu. Only 1600 cr to higher edu. • Not targeting SC families – SC allocation spent on TB, blindness control, leprosy er.. • Critical ministries – tourism, Roads, power, scientific & industrial research etc do not allocate • IT, civil aviation, coal, transport have no inclusive policies do not include SCs at all

  10. Budget (Non) Allocation

  11. Exclusion in Inclusive Budget2008-09

  12. Allocation to Dalit Children 2008-09 • Only 12.9% allocation is made –Rs.4333 cr from total of 33391 cr. • 100% allocation made in schemes by SJE boys (38 cr) girls (55 cr) hostels, pre matric (54 cr) post matric (731 cr –less from 811 cr), top class edu – 20 cr. • Allocations in SSA, MDM, NPEGEL, Navodaya, KVs, KGBV, ICDS

  13. Nature of Allocation • Non allocation by critical ministries essential for the forward mobility and new opportunities • Allocations are for traditional activities • Not opening higher areas – post matric reduced from 811 cr to 731 cr; Bio technology from 2.5 cr to 2.01 cr. Higher edu., technical edu. Left out • MoWCD reduced from 1501 cr to 1139 cr.

  14. Nature of allocation • Still welfare concept than right – NRC rather than the SC order on ICDS • Data collected (DISE) is not used to make appropriate allocation to address exclusion – infrastructure, institution setting up • Not allocating for progressive and growing needs • Not recognising the caste barriers, violence • Non integration blocks opportunities

  15. Equity and Inclusion • At a time when we are tracking budget for children, tracking it for the most marginalised children –SC, ST, Muslim • Need to recognise that caste barriers are real to Dalit children, address it through policy and legislative means • Track implementation and diversion of special provisions and demand full implementation • Has to be a task for all of us and not some of us.

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